1.1 本指南为理解与对儿童进行感官和市场研究有关的问题提供了一个框架。它推荐并提供了开发道德、安全和有效测试方法的示例。它特别关注与儿童从出生到青春期前的测试相关的问题。本指南假设15岁以上的未成年人通常能够像成年人一样进行感官测试，因此，成人受试者使用的所有标准程序均适用。然而，唯一的例外是法律同意，18岁以下的任何人都应获得父母/法定监护人的许可。 1.2 本指南将广泛考虑儿童的身体、情感和认知发展水平。它将被证明对开发儿童可以理解的任务很有用。它建议儿童采用其他方式将他们的观点或看法反馈给研究者，如适当的量表和测量。 1.3 本文件中提出的道德标准应视为未成年人测试的最低要求。作为调查对象的儿童的安全和保护，以及对其投入价值的尊重态度，应该是研究人员首要关注的问题。 1.4 在对老年人或有发育障碍的成年人进行测试时，本文件中提出的注意事项也可能有用。 1.5 本文件并非对可靠的感官测试技术和方法的完整描述。相反，它侧重于在儿童测试时对感觉技术的具体应用的特殊考虑。它假设了解基本的感官和统计分析技术。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 对儿童进行测试是必要且有用的，因为他们代表了许多产品的真正最终用户。有些产品是专门为儿童开发的，有些是针对成年人和儿童的两用产品。例如:婴儿食品、尿布、即食麦片、果汁、食品或午餐包、糖果、玩具、维生素和其他药品、音乐和视频、互动学习工具和包装。 4.2 儿童对成年人的购买决定有影响，并对他们自己的许多或部分购买决定负责。 4.3 为儿童创造产品需要儿童的投入，因为他们的愿望和需求与成年人不同。例如，在甜度、咸度、碳酸化和质地方面，他们可能与成年人在偏好或感官敏锐度方面有所不同，或两者都不同。如果没有预期目标受众的实际投入，就不可能预测这些差异的性质。

1.1 This guide provides a framework for understanding the issues relating to conducting sensory and market research studies with children. It recommends and provides examples for developing ethical, safe, and valid testing methods. It focuses specifically on the concerns relevant to testing with children from birth through preadolescence. The guide assumes that minors older than 15 years of age are generally capable of performing sensory tests like adults, and therefore, all standard procedures used with adult subjects apply. The one exception, however, is legal consent where parental/legal guardian permission should be obtained for anyone under 18 years of age. 1.2 This guide will take into account the wide range of children's physical, emotional, and cognitive levels of development. It will prove useful for developing tasks that are understandable to children. It recommends alternative modes for children to communicate their opinions or perceptions back to the researcher, such as appropriate scales and measures. 1.3 The ethical standard presented in this document should be viewed as a minimum requirement for testing with minors. The safety and protection of children as respondents, as well as an attitude of respect for the value of their input should be of primary concern to the researcher. 1.4 The considerations raised in this document may also be useful when testing with the elderly or with adults who have developmental handicaps. 1.5 This document is not intended to be a complete description of reliable sensory testing techniques and methodologies. It focuses instead on special considerations for the specific application of sensory techniques when testing with children. It assumes knowledge of basic sensory and statistical analysis techniques. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 It is necessary and useful to test with children because they represent the real end-users for many products. Some products are developed specifically for children, and some are dual-purpose products that are intended for adults and children. Examples include: baby foods, diapers, ready-to-eat cereal, juices, food or lunch kits, candy, toys, vitamins and other pharmaceuticals, music and videos, interactive learning tools, and packaging. 4.2 Children have influence over adults' purchase decisions and are responsible for many or some of their own purchase decisions. 4.3 Creating a product for children requires input from children because their wants and needs differ from those of adults. For example, they may differ from adults in preferences or sensory acuity, or both, for sweetness, saltiness, carbonation, and texture. It is impossible to predict the nature of these differences without actual input from the intended target audience.