1.1本指南涵盖了石材保护用固结剂的选择和使用程序。 1.2在考虑使用石材固化剂时，应寻求具有石材保护经验的专家的指导。如果正在考虑有关艺术、建筑、文化或历史重要性特征的工作，应寻求这些领域专家的指导。规划工作时应考虑历史保护指南。 1.3本指南提供了有组织的信息收集或一系列选项，并不建议具体的行动方案。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。并非本指南的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本指南不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务是否充分的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。 1.4测试的有限描述仅供参考。完整说明见参考标准。 1.5以英寸-磅单位表示的值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。用户有责任在使用前咨询适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 本指南提供了有关方法的信息，这些方法可以帮助设计和保护专业人员选择和使用石材固结剂。 只有在彻底了解导致石材劣化的所有因素后，才应考虑使用固结剂。 最好通过对现有条件、环境和石材性能要求的定义进行全面调查，然后对石材及其变质产品进行实验室分析，从而达到这种理解。有了这些信息，就有可能确定这种石头的腐烂机制，并制定保护计划。然而，仔细的初步调查可能表明，固结是一种不合适的处理方法。 衰变机制 — 衰减机制的讨论超出了本文件的范围；然而，了解衰变机制对于评估和选择适当的石材处理方法（包括化学固结）至关重要。（参考文献见参考书目。） 石材加固只能作为整体保护计划的一部分。在不解决导致石材劣化的潜在问题（如潮湿加剧或排水不当）的情况下对石材进行加固可能会导致加固处理完全失败或加快石材劣化的速度。 治疗前后应记录结石的状况。 过去的经验表明，使用一些固化剂可能会导致恶化或产生意想不到的问题。在某些情况下，使用碎石固结剂可能根本不合适。只有在移除或修改降解源的尝试失败后，才应考虑合并。 应考虑多孔岩石的固结是一个不可逆的过程。如果可能的话，应选择允许未来再治疗的巩固剂。例如，用疏水材料处理石头，特别是多孔石头，可能不允许将来用水基固结剂进行再处理。 不应使用任何固结剂来防止或显著延缓水蒸汽通过石头的迁移。

1.1 This guide covers procedures for the selection and use of consolidants for preservation of stone. 1.2 When considering the use of stone consolidants, guidance from specialists experienced in stone conservation should be sought. Where work on features of artistic, architectural, cultural or historical importance is being considered, guidance from specialists in these fields should be sought. Historic preservation guidelines should be considered in planning the work. 1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This guide is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. 1.4 Limited description of tests are provided for informational purposes only. See the referenced standard for complete description. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound unites are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to consult appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== This guide provides information on methods that can assist the design and conservation professional in the selection and use of consolidants for stone. Use of a consolidant should be considered only after developing a thorough understanding of all factors contributing to the deterioration of the stone. Such an understanding is best reached through a comprehensive survey of existing conditions, environment, and a definition of stone performance requirements, followed by laboratory analysis of the stone and its deterioration products. With this information it should be possible to identify the decay mechanisms and to develop a conservation plan for the stone. However, careful preliminary investigation may indicate that consolidation is an inappropriate treatment. Decay Mechanisms — A discussion of decay mechanisms is beyond the scope of this document; however, an understanding of decay mechanisms is critical to the evaluation and selection of appropriate treatment methods for stone including chemical consolidation. (See Bibliography for references.) Stone consolidation should only be done as part of an overall conservation plan. Consolidating stone without resolving underlying problems contributing to its deterioration (such as rising damp or improper drainage) can cause the consolidation treatment to fail completely or to accelerate the rate of deterioration of the stone. The condition of the stone should be documented before and after treatment. Past experience has shown that application of some consolidants may contribute to deterioration or create unanticipated problems. In some cases, it may not be appropriate to use a stone consolidant at all. Consolidation should be considered only after unsuccessful attempts to remove or modify degradation sources have been carried out. Consideration should be given to the fact that consolidation of porous stone is an irreversible process. Consolidants that allow future retreatment should be selected if possible. For example, treatment of stone, particularly porous stone, with hydrophobic materials may not allow future retreatment with water-based consolidants. No consolidant should be used that prevents or significantly retards water vapor migration through the stone.