The research discussed in this article was conducted to investigate and document the performance of conventional sodium-form strong-acid resins for the combined removal of barium, radium, and hardness under controlled conditions. The reasons for the study were: the premature leakage of barium from strong-acid ion exchange columns, a lack of controlled laboratory studies to determine the factors affecting resin performance, and a lack of documentation regarding the effect of the quantity of regenerant applied on effluent quality and on effluent quality as a function of the amount of water processed during a run. Includes 16 references, tables, figures.