1.1 本规程描述了测试程序、任何必要的相关设备和取样技术，用于确定油/水分离器的性能特征，该分离器会突然释放相对大量的碳氢化合物，这些碳氢化合物可能以纯形式或高浓度出现在其进水中。 1.2 本规程不涉及油/水分离器性能特性的确定，该分离器受到改良或未改良土地排水引起的地表径流的影响。 在这种情况下，请参阅实践 D6104 . 1.3 本规程不涉及油/水分离器性能特性的确定 诸如由泵提供的机械乳化的流入物。 1.4 本规程不研究分离器处理碎屑或悬浮固体（即砂砾或树叶）的能力。 1.5 虽然流出物可能符合油和油脂总含量的规范要求，但本规范并未涉及可溶性有机物的存在，即苯、甲苯、乙基- 苯和二甲苯（BTEX）。它也没有对洗涤剂、表面活性剂、肥皂或任何水溶性物质（即盐）或在分离时可能在溶液中发现的基本不溶性物质的任何部分的影响做出任何规定。（可以通过将某些水溶性化学物质或固体以预定的恒定浓度添加到水中来研究它们的影响。） 1.6 为了估计水温对分离器性能的影响，本规程中描述的试验必须在两个水温下进行。 所选温度必须至少为10 °C（18 °F），温度范围最小为0 °C（32 °F）至最大50 °C（122 °F）。 1.7 本规程未对试运行期间pH值或温度的变化做出任何规定。提到 附录X1 以获取更多详细信息。 1.8 这种做法可用于各种碳氢化合物。采用2号燃油，密度 2. 845 kg/m 3. （52.73磅 m /英尺 3. )和粘度 2. 在40时为1.9至4.1厘沲 °C（104 °F）和密度为930 kg/m的SAE 90润滑油（见SAE J313） 3. （58磅 m /英尺 3. )在15.5 °C（60 °F），粘度（参见SAE J306）为13.5至<24厘斯（100 °C（212 °F）作为对比试验介质。应理解，从该实践中获得的结果仅直接适用于测试浓度的2号燃料油和SAE 90润滑油，并且仅允许对其他碳氢化合物进行仔细的插值或外推，或两者兼而有之。低粘度或高密度碳氢化合物或含有较大比例高可溶性化合物的碳氢化合物可能需要单独测试。 注1: 由于性能可能不是线性的，因此不允许在测试流入油或流出油浓度范围之外进行外推。因此，为了在较高或较低浓度下建立性能，应对分离器进行特定条件下的测试。此外，在使用线性插值之前，必须建立线性。 1.9 由于规定是基于流出物总碳氢化合物含量，因此本规程没有对用于评估分离器效率的油粒径设定任何下限。 但是，应规定混合油和水的标准方法，以确保可重复性。然而，必须注意的是，表面积与体积比较大的较小颗粒的上升速度比较大颗粒慢。指导 F933 要求20 % 所有油颗粒的粒径小于或等于50μm，IMO MEPC 60（30）没有提及任何粒径要求，但要求用户避免使用导致乳液的化学品。） 1.10 尽管本实践中描述的测试旨在模拟分离器在突然释放时的性能，但它们并没有涵盖所有可能的应用。 最终用户有责任确定其分离要求是否在本规范的范围内。 1.11 可以对不同于本文一般描述的产品进行测试，并发现其符合规定的性能标准。 1.12 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值是对英寸磅单位的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准。 1.13 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.14 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 《清洁水法》颁布了包括油和油脂在内的各种污染物的水质标准和污染限值的实施。具体而言，美国环境保护局在《美国联邦法规》第40卷第1章中禁止“排放导致水面形成薄膜或光泽或导致水面变色的油”。 . .” 除了设定浓度限值（即15 mg/L甚至5 mg/L）外，一些州和地方机构也采用了这一说法。本规程的目的是评估分离器在突然释放时的性能，以符合法规和用户要求。 突然释放可能发生在干燥的天气，当地人员可能试图用软管冲洗污染区域，也可能发生在雨天，并与径流混合进入分离器。 5.2 如果分离器的进水只是受污染雨水的径流，则此做法不适用。对于这种情况，请参阅实践 D6104 . 5.3 如果通过泵送装置将流入物输送到分离器，则这种做法不适用。

1.1 This practice describes the testing procedure, any necessary related apparatus, and the sampling technique to be used in determining the performance characteristics of an oil/water separator subjected to the sudden release of a relatively large quantity of hydrocarbons that may appear in its influent in pure form or at high concentration. 1.2 This practice does not address the determination of the performance characteristics of an oil/water separator subjected to surface run-off resulting from rain water draining from improved or unimproved land. In this case, refer to Practice D6104 . 1.3 This practice does not address the determination of the performance characteristics of an oil/water separator subjected to a mechanically emulsified influent such as provided by a pump. 1.4 This practice does not investigate the ability of the separator to handle debris or suspended solids, that is, grit or tree leaves. 1.5 While the effluent may meet code requirements for total oil and grease content, this practice does not address the presence of soluble organics, that is, benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene (BTEXs) that may be detected in the effluent. It also does not make any provisions for the effects of detergents, surfactants, soaps or any water soluble matter (that is, salts) or any portion of an essentially insoluble matter that may be found in solution on separation. (Effects of certain water soluble chemicals or solids may be investigated by adding them to the water at predetermined constant concentrations.) 1.6 In order to estimate the effect of water temperature on the performance of the separator, the tests described in this practice must be performed at two water temperatures. The selected temperatures must be at least 10 °C (18 °F) apart, with the temperature ranging from a minimum of 0 °C (32 °F) to a maximum of 50 °C (122 °F). 1.7 This practice does not make any provisions for the variation of pH or temperature during a test run. Refer to Appendix X1 for further detail. 1.8 This practice can be used with a variety of hydrocarbons. It adopts No. 2 fuel oil with a density 2 of 845 kg/m 3 (52.73 lb m /ft 3 ) and a viscosity 2 of 1.9 to 4.1 centistokes at 40 °C (104 °F) and SAE 90 lubricating oil with a density (see SAE J313) of 930 kg/m 3 (58 lb m /ft 3 ) at 15.5 °C (60 °F) and a viscosity (see SAE J306) of 13.5 to <24 centistokes at 100 °C (212 °F) as the comparative testing media. It is understood that the results obtained from this practice are only directly applicable to No. 2 fuel oil and SAE 90 lubricating oil for the tested concentrations and only careful interpolation or extrapolation, or both, is allowed to other hydrocarbons. Low viscosity or high density hydrocarbons or hydrocarbons that contain a larger fraction of highly soluble compounds may need to be tested separately. Note 1: No extrapolation outside the range of the tested influent or effluent oil concentrations is allowed as performance may not be linear. Hence, to establish performance at a higher or lower concentration, the separator shall be tested for that specific condition. In addition, linearity must be established prior to using linear interpolation. 1.9 Since regulations are based on effluent total hydrocarbon content, this practice does not set forth any lower limits on oil particle size for the evaluation of separator efficiency. However, a standardized means for mixing oil and water shall be specified to ensure repeatability. It must be noted however that smaller particles, having a greater surface area to volume ratio, rise at a slower rate than their larger counterparts. (Guide F933 requires that 20 % of all oil particles be smaller than or equal to 50 μm and IMO MEPC 60 (30) does not mention any particle size requirements but asks the user to avoid emulsion causing chemicals.) 1.10 Although the tests described in this practice intend to simulate the performance of a separator subjected to a sudden release, they do not cover all possible applications. It is the end user's responsibility to determine whether his separation requirements are within the scope of this practice. 1.11 A product different from the general description herein may be tested and found to be in compliance with the performance criteria set forth. 1.12 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The Clean Water Act promulgated the implementation of water quality standards and contamination limits for a wide range of pollutants including oil and grease. Specifically, the EPA, in 40 CFR Ch. 1, prohibits “the discharges of oil that cause a film or sheen upon or cause discoloration of the surface of the water. . .” Several state and local agencies have adopted this statement in addition to setting concentration limits, that is, 15 mg/L or even 5 mg/L. The purpose of this practice is to evaluate the performance of a separator in regards to the regulations and user requirements when subject to a sudden release. The sudden release may occur in dry weather and local personnel may attempt to hose the contaminated area down or it may occur on a rainy day and enter the separator mixed in with the runoff. 5.2 This practice is not applicable if the influent to a separator is simply runoff from contaminated rainwater. For this case, see Practice D6104 . 5.3 This practice is not applicable if the influent to a separator is conveyed by a pumping means.