本SAE航空航天标准（AS）标准化了检测可疑/假冒（SC）电气、电子和机电（EEE）零件的检查和测试程序、工艺标准以及最低培训和认证要求。一旦决定使用具有未知保管链的零件，这些零件没有原始组件制造商的血统，或者是从经纪人或独立分销商处获得的，或者当存在其他已知风险因素导致用户/请求者对潜在的SC EEE零件感到担忧时，本文件的要求适用。本标准规定的测试也可以检测恶意篡改的发生，尽管本标准的当前版本不是专门为此目的设计的。本标准确保了整个供应链中基于与应用程序、组件、供应商和其他相关风险因素相关的评估风险的测试技术和要求的一致性。 本文件的要求补充了更高级别质量标准（如AS9100、AS9003、AS9120、ISO 9001）和其他质量管理体系文件的要求。它们并非旨在独立、取代或取消其他质量管理体系文件中的要求，或合同当局强加的要求。当避免使用SC EEE零件的其他风险缓解方法（例如，从授权来源获取所有零件、重新设计系统、模拟过时零件等）不可用或不充分时，应执行本标准。本标准减轻了在确定可疑假冒EEE零件时进行不充分检查和测试的技术风险。本标准不用于评估由于部件生产问题或由于操作不当、储存不当或其他质量或可靠性特定属性而可能出现的质量或可靠性问题。 本文件和相关AS6171 Slash Sheets:aShall=为强制性术语；b建议使用should=；andcWill=已计划（被视为标准流程的一部分）。当零件无法从原始部件制造商（OCM）、机电零件原始设备制造商（OEM）或授权制造商处获得时，应使用该标准。本文件的要求规定了基于程序或客户可接受风险水平的测试，以识别可能表明可疑假冒和假冒活动的异常或性能问题。再多的测试也无法证实一件物品的真实性；这将要求OCM/OEM或授权制造商有一个已知的、完整的监管链。因此，组织应尝试从OCM或授权制造商已知可追溯性的来源获取零件，以避免收到假冒零件。 从原产地（即OCM/OEM或授权制造商）到最终目的地的所有中介机构都应由受信任的供应商组成，并且应由具有文件化流程和程序的物流承运人提供运输，以避免在到达零件最终目的地过程中被篡改或替换。与未知血统的零件相比，应优先选择已知血统的零件，以避免假冒零件。本标准不适用于直接从可追溯到OCM/OEM或授权制造商的值得信赖的授权供应商处获得的零件。本标准没有具体的测试方法来确定一件物品是否是伪造的以外的欺诈部件。可以收集异常情况的测试数据，以确定欺诈意图或疏忽的潜在法律依据。 本文件未对欺诈行为作出法律认定，应咨询适当的法律顾问以采取进一步行动。除非用户/请求者在SOW或PO中另有规定，否则附录中的信息不被视为强制性信息。

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) standardizes inspection and test procedures, workmanship criteria, and minimum training and certification requirements to detect Suspect/Counterfeit (SC) Electrical, Electronic, and Electromechanical (EEE) parts. The requirements of this document apply once a decision is made to use parts with unknown chain of custody that do not have pedigree back to the original component manufacturer or have been acquired from a broker or independent distributor, or when there are other known risk elements that result in the User/Requester to have concerns about potential SC EEE parts. The tests specified by this standard may also detect occurrences of malicious tampering, although the current version of this standard is not designed specifically for this purpose.This standard ensures consistency across the supply chain for test techniques and requirements based on assessed risk associated with the application, component, supplier, and other relevant risk factors. The requirements of this document supplement the requirements of a higher-level quality standard (e.g., AS9100, AS9003, AS9120, ISO 9001) and other quality management system documents. They are not intended to stand alone, supersede, or cancel requirements found in other quality management system documents, or requirements imposed by contracting authorities.This standard should be implemented when other risk mitigation methods for avoiding the use of SC EEE parts (e.g., acquiring all parts from Authorized Sources, redesigning the system, having obsolete parts emulated, etc.) are either unavailable or inadequate. This standard mitigates the technical risk of performing insufficient inspection and test to determine suspect counterfeit EEE parts. This standard is not intended to be used to assess quality or reliability issues that may arise because of component production issues or due to mishandling, improper storage, or other attributes specific to quality or reliability.The following terminology is used throughout this document and associated AS6171 Slash Sheets:aShall = is mandatory;bShould = is recommended; andcWill = is planned (is considered to be part of a standard process).This standard should be utilized when parts are not available from sources with known traceability to the Original Component Manufacturer (OCM), Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) for electromechanical parts, or authorized manufacturer. The requirements of this document specify testing based on acceptable levels of risk for a program or customer, to identify anomalies or performance issues that may indicate suspect counterfeit and counterfeit activity. No amount of testing can confirm an item as authentic; this would require that there be a known, unbroken chain of custody to the OCM/OEM or authorized manufacturer. Therefore, organizations should attempt to obtain parts from sources that have known traceability to the OCM or authorized manufacturer to avoid receiving counterfeit parts. All intermediaries from the origin (i.e., OCM/OEM or authorized manufacturer) to the final destination should consist of Trusted Suppliers, and transportation should be provided by logistics carriers that have documented processes and procedures to avoid tampering or substitution during the journey to the parts’ final destination. A preference should be given to parts with known pedigree over parts with unknown pedigree to avoid counterfeit parts. This standard does not apply to parts obtained directly from a Trustworthy Authorized Supplier with traceability to the OCM/OEM or authorized manufacturer. This standard does not have specific test methods to determine if an item is a Fraudulent Part beyond what is considered counterfeit. Test data on anomalies can be gathered for potential legal determination of fraudulent intent or negligence. This document does not make a legal determination of fraud, and appropriate legal counsel should be consulted for further action.Unless otherwise specified in the SOW or PO by the User/Requester, the information in the Appendices is not considered mandatory.