1998年7月至9月，澳大利亚悉尼 隐孢子虫高浓度后的饮用水危机 在城市的水中发现了贾第虫 供应和分配系统。有三条沸水建议 发布后，悉尼水资源调查局成立，以调查 事件来源，以及外部实验室、专家和审计员 被要求评估原始分析程序和 后果本研究回顾了提交给 调查并找到证据证实污染确实存在 发生并解释其原因。 隐孢子虫和贾第虫微生物学检测结果 分析结果与湖沼学证据一致 从整个供应系统收集。这一发现表明 洪水时饮用水被污染了- 水上的 隐孢子虫和贾第虫使储液罐短路 在一系列脉冲中进入处理厂 产生了水化学的快速波动。湖沼数据 从水库中可以看出障碍物是如何绕过的。A. 简单的质量平衡模型显示囊肿和卵囊 还定期穿过过滤屏障。 1998年水危机之前，悉尼水务公司 假设蓄水池提供的屏障 三年的平均停留时间和现代化的过滤设备 将消除其供应受到微生物污染的风险。 水危机凸显了一些不可预见的污染 对地表水供应的风险，并强调了其好处 保持多重屏障以防止污染物运输 通过系统。包括28个参考文献、表格和图表。

From July to September 1998, Sydney, Australia, experienced a drinking water crisis after high concentrations of Cryptosporidium and Giardia were detected in the city's water supply and distribution systems. Three boil-water advisories were issued, the Sydney Water Inquiry was formed to investigate the incident's origin, and outside laboratories, experts, and auditors were called in to assess the original analytical procedures and results. This study reviewed the information submitted to the inquiry and found evidence to confirm that the contamination did occur and explain its causes. The results of the Cryptosporidium and Giardia microbiological analyses are in agreement with the body of limnological evidence collected from across the supply system. This finding suggests that the potable supply was contaminated when flood-waterborne Cryptosporidium and Giardia short-circuited the storage reservoir and entered the treatment plant in a series of pulses that also produced rapid fluctuations in water chemistry. Limnological data from the reservoir showed how the barrier was circumvented. A simple mass balance model demonstrated that cysts and oocysts also crossed the filtration barrier periodically. Prior to the 1998 water crisis, the Sydney Water Corporation had assumed that the barriers provided by a storage reservoir with three years' average retention time and a modern filtration plant would eliminate the risk of microbial contamination to its supply. The water crisis highlighted some of the unforeseen contamination risks to surface water supplies and emphasized the benefits of maintaining multiple barriers against contaminant transport through the system. Includes 28 references, tables, figures.