1.1 本试验方法涵盖了通过差异压痕深度硬度原理测定金属材料的差异压痕深度硬度。本标准规定了差动压痕深度硬度试验机的要求以及执行差动压痕深度硬度试验的程序。 1.2 本标准包括附录中的附加要求: 差动压痕深度硬度试验机的验证 附件A1 确定试件最小厚度的指南 附件A2 1.3 本标准包括附录中与差异压痕深度硬度试验相关的非强制性信息。 给出与抗拉强度对应的硬度值的ASTM标准列表 附录X1 确定压入深度差硬度不确定度的程序示例 附录X2 差动压痕深度机中使用的压头示例 附录X3 1.4 单位- 本标准规定了国际单位制（SI）中的力和长度单位；也就是说，力以牛顿（N）为单位，长度以微米（µm）为单位。然而，由于继续普遍使用，在其他度量单位中提供了值以供参考。 1.5 所有差动压痕深度硬度测试仪器的测试原理、测试程序和验证程序基本相同。 测试仪器可以使用不同的测试力和压头形状。压头的类型和尺寸与制造商的仪器设计相匹配。因此，压头、探针和其他仪器组件通常在制造商之间不可互换。 1.6 这些仪器报告的硬度值基于与每个制造商为每个仪器和硬度计确定的现有硬度计的直接相关性。除非仪器或仪器操作手册中另有说明，否则仪器报告的硬度值仅适用于非奥氏体钢。看见 5.6.1 了解更多信息。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 差动压痕深度硬度测试是一种经验压痕硬度测试，可以提供有关金属材料的有用信息。 该信息可与金属材料的抗拉强度、耐磨性、延展性和其他物理特性相关，并可用于材料的质量控制和选择。 4.2 差动压痕深度硬度测试被认为是商业装运验收测试的满意方法，并已在工业上用于此目的。 4.3 零件特定位置的差异压痕深度硬度测试可能无法代表整个零件或最终产品的物理特性。当机器符合常规硬度标准（如测试方法）时，使用符合本标准的机器 E10 , E18 , E92 和 E384 无法使用。使用这些机器获得的测试结果与使用符合上述标准的机器获得的测试结果具有可比性，但并不等同。 4.4 本标准涵盖的差动压痕深度硬度试验机不符合试验方法 E10 , E18 , E92 或 E110 .

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Differential Indentation Depth hardness of metallic materials by the Differential Indentation Depth hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing machines and the procedures for performing Differential Indentation Depth hardness tests. 1.2 This standard includes additional requirements in annexes: Verification of Differential Indentation Depth Hardness Testing Machines Annex A1 Guidelines for Determining the Minimum Thickness of a Test Piece Annex A2 1.3 This standard includes non-mandatory information in appendixes which relates to the Differential Indentation Depth hardness test. List of ASTM Standards Giving Hardness Numbers Corresponding to Tensile Strength Appendix X1 Examples of Procedures for Determining Differential Indentation Depth Hardness Uncertainty Appendix X2 Examples of Indenters Used in Differential Indentation Depth Machines Appendix X3 1.4 Units— This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in micrometers (µm). However, because of continued common usage, values are provided in other units of measure for information. 1.5 The test principles, testing procedures, and verification procedures are essentially identical for all the Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing instruments. The testing instruments may use different test forces and indenter shapes. The type and size of the indenters are matched to the design of the instrument by the manufacturer. Accordingly, the indenters, probes and other instrument components are generally not interchangeable among manufacturers. 1.6 The hardness number reported by these instruments are based on direct correlations to existing hardness scales as determined by each manufacturer for each instrument and hardness scale. Unless otherwise noted on the instrument or in the operating manual for the instrument, the hardness numbers reported by the instrument are only applicable to non-austenitic steels. See 5.6.1 for additional information. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The Differential Indentation Depth hardness test is an empirical indentation hardness test that can provide useful information about metallic materials. This information can correlate to tensile strength, wear resistance, ductility, and other physical characteristics of metallic materials, and can be useful in quality control and selection of materials. 4.2 Differential Indentation Depth hardness tests are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, and have been used in industry for this purpose. 4.3 Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing at a specific location on a part might not represent the physical characteristics of the whole part or end product. Machines that comply with this Standard are used when machines that comply with the regular hardness standards such as Test Methods E10 , E18 , E92 , and E384 cannot be used. Test results obtained with these machines are comparable BUT NOT EQUIVALENT to those obtained with machines that comply with the above mentioned standards. 4.4 Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing machines covered by this standard do not comply with Test Methods E10 , E18 , E92 , or E110 .