而大多数水处理设施最关心的是成品水的质量 反渗透（RO）设施的生产也与产品质量有关 集中佛罗里达州维罗海滩市成功运营了他们的反渗透设施 在过去的11年里，最初安装的膜元件。近年来， 膜性能下降，进料压力显著增加。 化学清洗这些元件为解决问题提供了有效的短期解决方案 性能问题；然而，膜恢复到其预清洗状态 不到三个月。基于膜性能的快速下降 而在膜的时代，这座城市选择了替代膜元件。三 对8-1/2英寸薄膜复合膜制造商进行了并排测试 相同的给水质量。 膜撬的设计允许全尺寸 演示七个8-1/2英寸的膜元件，将其装入全长 压力容器。全尺寸试验评估了物理运行参数和性能 给水、渗透液和浓缩液流产生的水质。 本文主要研究三种膜产生的浓缩水水质 测试。Vero Beach市目前处理来自RO的浓缩水 设施进入潮汐盐度屏障下游的主渠道。产品质量 浓缩水对于维持该设施的这种处理方法至关重要。这个 国家污染物排放消除系统现行监管许可证 （NPDE）对其浓缩物进行了讨论，并与收集的数据进行了比较 在演示中试期间。 膜性能的评估基于 符合NPDES许可标准。这些膜是基于 对浓缩物进行的急性和慢性毒性试验结果 每个单独的元素。 对浓缩物进行了各种参数分析，包括急性毒性 与离子浓度有关。最终的膜选择不仅基于渗透 质量，但也集中质量。膜性能的比较 注重渗透质量和浓缩质量。包括3个参考文献、表格和图表。

While most water treatment facilities are most concerned with the finished water quality produced, reverse osmosis (RO) facilities are also concerned with the quality of their concentrate. The City of Vero Beach, Florida has successfully operated their RO facility for the past 11 years with the originally installed membrane elements. In recent years, membrane performance has decreased and feed pressures have increased significantly. Chemically cleaning the elements provided an effective short-term solution to the performance problems; however, the membranes returned to their pre-cleaning condition in less than three months. Based upon the rapid decline in the membrane performance and age of the membranes, the City elected to replace the membrane elements. Three manufacturers of 8-1/2 inch thin film composite membranes were tested side by side on the identical feed water quality. The design of the membrane skid allows for a full-scale demonstration of seven 8-1/2 inch membrane elements to be loaded into full-length pressure vessels. The full-scale test evaluated both the physical operating parameters and water quality produced from the condition feedwater, permeate, and concentrate stream. This paper focuses on the concentrate water quality produced by the three membranes tested. The City of Vero Beach currently disposes of concentrate water from the RO facility into the Main Canal downstream of a tidal salinity barrier. The quality of the concentrate water is critical in maintaining this method of disposal for this facility. The current regulatory permit for the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) for their concentrate is discussed and compared to the data collected during the demonstration pilot test. Membrane performance is evaluated based upon meeting the NPDES permit criteria. The membranes are compared based upon the results of acute and chronic toxicity testing that were performed on the concentrate of each individual element. The concentrate has been analyzed for a variety of parameters ranging from acute toxicity to ion concentrations. The final membrane selection is based not only on permeate quality but also concentrate quality. Comparisons between membrane performance focusing on permeate quality and concentrate quality is made. Includes 3 references, tables, figures.