1.1 本试验方法包括使用手动或自动样品注入设备，在试验温度下以正常方式作为液体处理的石油馏出物和粘性油的密度、相对密度和API比重的测定。其应用仅限于具有总蒸汽压的液体（见试验方法 D5191 )通常低于100 kPa和粘度（见试验方法 D445 或 D7042 )通常低于15 000 毫米 2. /s在试验温度下。然而，总蒸汽压限制可以扩展到>100 kPa，前提是首先确定U形管中没有形成气泡，这会影响密度测定。 可通过该程序测试的产品示例包括:汽油和汽油含氧混合物、柴油、喷气机、基础油、蜡和润滑油。 1.1.1 1999年实验室间研究（ILS）样本集不包括蜡和高粘性样本，该样本集用于确定该方法的当前精度声明，因为当时评估的所有样本均在15℃的测试温度下进行分析 °C。蜡和高粘性样品需要在必要的高温下操作温度传感器，以确保引入液体试样进行分析。当试图分析蜡或高粘度样品时，请参阅仪器制造商说明，以获取适当的指导和预防措施。 请参阅方法的精度和偏差部分，并 附注9 有关1999年进行的ILS的更多详细信息。 1.2 在有争议的情况下，仲裁方法是手动引入样本的方法，如 6.2 或 6.3 ，适用于样品类型。 1.3 当测试不透明样品时，以及当不使用能够自动检测气泡的设备时，应制定适当的程序，以便确定U形管中是否没有气泡。使用试验方法测定原油样品中的密度 D5002 . 1.4 除非另有说明，否则以国际单位制表示的数值视为标准。可接受的密度测量单位为克每毫升（g/mL）或千克每立方米（kg/m） 3. ). 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关特定警告声明，请参阅 3.2.1 部分 7. , 9.1 , 10.2 和 附录X1 . 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 密度是一种基本的物理性质，可与其他性质一起用于表征石油和石油产品的轻馏分和重馏分。 5.2 在15℃的标准温度下，需要测定石油及其产品的密度或相对密度，以将测量体积转换为体积 °C。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density, relative density, and API Gravity of petroleum distillates and viscous oils that can be handled in a normal fashion as liquids at the temperature of test, utilizing either manual or automated sample injection equipment. Its application is restricted to liquids with total vapor pressures (see Test Method D5191 ) typically below 100 kPa and viscosities (see Test Method D445 or D7042 ) typically below about 15 000 mm 2 /s at the temperature of test. The total vapor pressure limitation however can be extended to >100 kPa provided that it is first ascertained that no bubbles form in the U-tube, which can affect the density determination. Some examples of products that may be tested by this procedure include: gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends, diesel, jet, basestocks, waxes, and lubricating oils. 1.1.1 Waxes and highly viscous samples were not included in the 1999 interlaboratory study (ILS) sample set that was used to determine the current precision statements of the method, since all samples evaluated at the time were analyzed at a test temperature of 15 °C. Wax and highly viscous samples require a temperature cell operated at elevated temperatures necessary to ensure a liquid test specimen is introduced for analysis. Consult instrument manufacturer instructions for appropriate guidance and precautions when attempting to analyze wax or highly viscous samples. Refer to the Precision and Bias section of the method and Note 9 for more detailed information about the 1999 ILS that was conducted. 1.2 In cases of dispute, the referee method is the one where samples are introduced manually as in 6.2 or 6.3 , as appropriate for sample type. 1.3 When testing opaque samples, and when not using equipment that is capable of automatic bubble detection, proper procedure shall be established so that the absence of air bubbles in the U-tube can be established with certainty. For the determination of density in crude oil samples use Test Method D5002 . 1.4 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard, unless stated otherwise. The accepted units of measure for density are grams per millilitre (g/mL) or kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m 3 ). 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 3.2.1 , Section 7 , 9.1 , 10.2 , and Appendix X1 . 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Density is a fundamental physical property that can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize both the light and heavy fractions of petroleum and petroleum products. 5.2 Determination of the density or relative density of petroleum and its products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperature of 15 °C.