1.1 本指南中讨论的框架仅限于具有在环境温度和大气压力下储存受管制物质的地下储罐（UST）的设施。本指南的目的不是为本文件中所述方法的实施提供详细的技术规范，也不是作为实施工具，而是确定用于地下储罐系统环境管理的重要信息。在适用美国联邦要求的情况下，使用“必须”一词。 已提供ASTM标准和其他行业指南的参考，以解决本指南中讨论的方法的实施问题。许多州和一些地方机构已经通过了一些规则，对UST系统的所有者/运营商规定了额外的责任。请参阅可能包含其他要求的州和地方法规。不可能确定与独特地下储罐系统相关的所有考虑因素或条件组合。 1.2 本指南阐述了与储罐系统环境释放的预防和响应相关的主要注意事项，并分为以下章节: 部分 1. : 范围 部分 2. : 列出相关ASTM标准和其他行业或监管指导文件 部分 3. : 定义本指南中使用的关键术语 部分 4. : 描述了本指南的意义和用途 部分 5. : 储罐系统设计和安装 部分 6. : 预防性维护和检查计划 部分 7. : 加油程序 部分 8. : 配药活动 部分 9 : 发布响应计划 部分 10 : 受影响环境介质的纠正措施 部分 11 : 储罐系统关闭 部分 12 : UST管理实践和操作员培训 附录X1 : 重复释放检测和阴极保护要求（快速浏览）旨在作为监测信息的快速参考指南 相关材料: 地下储罐环境管理相关文件 1.3 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。第节给出了一些具体的危害说明 7. 关于危险。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 地下储罐系统的环境无害管理涉及广泛的预防性维护活动，旨在防止受管制物质的意外释放，并在此类释放发生时有效检测和响应。目前有许多技术指南可用于解决地下储罐系统的释放预防和响应的具体程序，包括储罐系统设计、安装、操作和维护、泄漏检测、溢出控制、定期设备检查、受影响环境介质的纠正措施、储罐系统关闭和操作员培训的指南。 本指南提供了概述，确定了关键管理注意事项，并建议用户参考其他相关ASTM标准和行业指南以获取更详细的信息。 4.2 储罐系统设计和安装- 对储罐系统进行无害环境管理的第一步是设计和安装储罐系统，以尽量减少受管制物质释放到环境中的可能性。本指南阐述了与使用的储罐系统类型、受管制物质与建筑材料的兼容性、溢出控制和溢流预防装置的类型、腐蚀防护、泄漏检测正确安装实践和系统操作相关的关键考虑因素。 4.3 预防性维护- 即使是正确设计和安装的储罐系统，也需要采取实际措施来检测和终止泄漏，并及时响应释放，以最大限度地减少受管制物质的损失和相关的环境影响。本指南审查了一般注意事项，包括释放检测措施、可能的释放指标、适当的记录保存程序、储罐系统检查、设备测试、响应规划和释放控制措施。建议进行一些预防性维护活动，而其他活动则由州或联邦法规强制执行。 本指南涉及联邦政府授权的活动 4.4 检查- 检查是健全的UST管理计划的关键组成部分。第三方专业人员和操作员检查都可以识别与部件损坏和操作问题相关的潜在风险，这些问题可能会增加非受控释放的风险。监管要求要求进行一些检查。执行所需检查的范围、频率和必要资格因管辖权而异。本指南概述了联邦政府要求的演练检查的范围和时间表。 4.5 设备测试- 测试可以确认各种UST组件的功能状态。一些UST设备和组件必须按照联邦法规进行测试。用于管道间隙监测的防泄漏设备和安全壳集水坑必须至少每三年测试一次。电子和机械释放检测组件必须每年测试一次。阴极保护系统必须在安装后的六个月内进行测试，然后至少每三年进行一次测试，并在任何维修活动后的六个月内进行测试。 本指南概述了联邦要求的设备测试的范围和时间表。 4.6 加油程序- 小心地向地下储罐装卸和分配液体是确保正确处理液体和防止释放的最重要的日常活动。本指南旨在解决UST系统管理问题。分配器和分配活动可能是释放源，但不被视为UST系统的组成部分，也不包括在本指南所述的监管要求中。 4.7 受影响环境介质的纠正措施- 在发现和控制地下储罐系统中的释放调节物质后，可能需要对受影响的土壤和地下水采取纠正措施，以保护人类健康、安全和环境资源。本指南根据指南中提供的指南，审查了受影响环境介质的调查、评估和补救的基于风险的流程 E2081年 . 4.8 储罐系统关闭- 如果确定地下储罐系统将不再用于储存受管制物质，则必须暂时或永久停止使用该系统，并在适当情况下，以尽量减少未来释放或安全隐患的方式退役和拆除该系统。 本指南回顾了正确拆除储罐系统的一般程序，以及通过储罐开挖和回填放置或就地关闭方法关闭储罐系统的选项。 4.9 储罐管理实践教育和操作员培训- 人员培训是UST系统成功环境管理的关键要素。参与储罐系统安装、操作或维护的人员必须了解泄漏预防、适当的泄漏检测和响应程序。 本指南概述了几个关键培训领域的范围和时间表，这些领域可能会根据个人工作分配而有所不同，包括:储罐系统安装和维护；防止释放的一般措施；检漏设备的操作和维护；释放控制和应急措施；以及管制物质和废物处理措施。本指南概述了联邦政府规定的操作员培训范围。 4.10 公认的做法- 通过遵循国家认可协会或独立测试实验室制定的实践，如40 CFR§280中的规定，可以满足一些联邦强制要求的测试和检验要求。 35（a）（1）（ii）（B）和40 CFR§280.40（a）（3）。本指南中引用了许多此类做法。并非所有由国家认可协会或独立测试实验室制定的实践都被美国环保局或执行机构接受。为了确定一种做法是否符合联邦要求，所有者或经营者应咨询实施机构。

1.1 The framework discussed in this guide is limited to facilities with underground storage tanks (USTs) storing regulated substances at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. This guide is not intended to provide detailed technical specifications for implementation of the approaches described in this document, nor to be used as an enforcement tool, but rather to identify the important information used for environmental management of underground tank systems. The term “must” is used where United States federal requirements apply. References to ASTM standards and other industry guidelines have been provided to address implementation of the approaches discussed in this guide. Many states and some local agencies have adopted rules that place additional responsibilities on the owners/operators of UST systems. Refer to state and local regulations that may contain additional requirements. It is not possible to identify all considerations or combinations of conditions pertinent to a unique underground storage tank system. 1.2 This guide addresses principal considerations related to the prevention of, and response to environmental releases from tank systems and is organized in the sections listed below: Section 1 : Scope Section 2 : Lists relevant ASTM Standards and other industry or regulatory guidance documents Section 3 : Defines the key terminology used in this guide Section 4 : Describes the significance and use of this guide Section 5 : Tank System Design and Installation Section 6 : Preventive Maintenance and Inspection Plan Section 7 : Fueling Procedure Section 8 : Dispensing Activities Section 9 : Release Response Plan Section 10 : Corrective Action for Affected Environmental Media Section 11 : Tank System Closure Section 12 : UST Management Practice and Operator Training Appendix X1 : Recurring Release Detection and Cathodic Protection Requirements (Quick Glance) is intended to be a quick reference guide for monitoring information Related Material: Documents related to environmental management of underground storage tanks 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Environmentally sound management of underground storage tank systems involves a broad range of preventative maintenance activities directed toward preventing accidental releases of regulated substances, and effectively detecting and responding to such releases when, and if, they do occur. Numerous technical guidelines are presently available addressing specific procedures for release prevention and response for underground tank systems, including guidelines for tank system design, installation, operation and maintenance, leak detection, spill control, periodic equipment inspections, corrective action for affected environmental media, tank system closure, and operator training. This guide presents an overview, identifying key management considerations and referring the user to other related ASTM standards and industry guidelines for more detailed information. 4.2 Tank System Design and Installation— The first step in environmentally sound management of tank systems is to design and install the tank system so as to minimize the potential for release of regulated substances to the environment. This guide addresses key considerations related to the types of tank systems to be used, compatibility of regulated substances to construction materials, types of spill containment and overfill prevention devices, corrosion protection, leak detection proper installation practices, and system operation. 4.3 Preventative Maintenance— Even for properly designed and installed tank systems, practical measures are needed to detect and terminate leaks and respond to releases in a timely manner so as to minimize regulated substance losses and associated environmental effects. This guide reviews general considerations including release detection measures, possible indicators of a release, appropriate record-keeping procedures, tank system inspection, equipment testing, response planning and release control measures. Some preventative maintenance activities are recommended while others are mandated by state or federal regulations. This guide addresses federally mandated activities 4.4 Inspections— Inspections are a critical component of a sound UST management plan. Both third-party professional and operator inspections can identify potential risks associated with component compromise and operational issues that may increase the risk of an uncontained release. Some inspections are required by regulatory requirements. The scope, frequency and necessary qualifications to perform required inspections vary by jurisdiction. This guide outlines the scope and schedule of federally required walkthrough inspections. 4.5 Equipment Testing— Testing can confirm the functional status of various UST components. Some UST equipment and components must be tested in accordance with federal regulations. Spill prevention equipment and containment sumps used for interstitial monitoring of piping must be tested at least once every three years. Electronic and mechanical release detection components must be tested annually. Cathodic protection systems must be tested within six months of installation, then at least every three years and within six months of any repair activity. This guide outlines the scope and schedule of federally required equipment testing. 4.6 Fueling Procedure— Careful loading, unloading, and dispensing of liquids to and from underground storage tanks is the most important day-to-day activity to ensure proper handling of liquids and prevention of releases. This guide is developed to addresses UST system management. Dispensers and dispensing activities may be sources of releases but are not considered a component of the UST system and are not include in the regulatory requirements addressed by this guide. 4.7 Corrective Action for Affected Environmental Media— Following discovery and control of a release regulated substance from an underground tank system, corrective actions may be required for affected soil and groundwater as needed to protect human health, safety, and environmental resources. This guide reviews a risk-based process for investigation, evaluation, and remediation of affected environmental media consistent with the guidelines provided in Guide E2081 . 4.8 Tank System Closure— If it is determined that an underground tank system will no longer be used to store regulated substances, the system must be taken out of service, either temporarily or permanently, and, when appropriate, decommissioned and removed in a manner that minimizes the potential for future releases or safety hazards. This guide reviews the general procedures for properly removing tank systems from service, as well as the options for tank system closure by means of tank excavation and backfill placement or in-place closure methods. 4.9 Tank Management Practice Education, and Operator Training— Personnel training is a key element of successful environmental management of UST systems. It is important that persons involved in the installation, operation, or maintenance of tank systems understand the release prevention, appropriate leak detection, and response procedures. This guide outlines the scope and schedule of several key training areas that may be appropriate depending on individual job assignments, including: tank system installation and maintenance; general measures for release prevention; leak detection equipment operation and maintenance; release control and emergency response measures; and regulated substance and waste handling measures. This guide outlines the scope of federally mandated operator training. 4.10 Recognized Practice— Some federally mandated testing and inspection requirements can be satisfied by following a practice developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing laboratory such as provided in 40 CFR §280.35(a)(1)(ii)(B) and 40 CFR §280.40(a)(3). Many such practices are referenced in this guide. Not all practices developed by nationally recognized associations or independent testing laboratories are accepted by the USEPA or the implementing agency. To determine if a practice satisfies the federal requirements, the owner or operator should consult with the implementing agency.