1.1 本试验方法描述了使用双环渗透仪现场测量液体（通常是水）渗入土壤的速率的程序。 1.2 渗透计是通过打入土壤安装的。渗透计也可安装在干燥或坚硬土壤中开挖的沟槽中。 1.3 土壤应被视为自然发生的土壤或加工材料或自然土壤和加工材料的混合物，或其他多孔材料，其基本上不可溶，并符合 1.6 . 1.4 本试验方法特别适用于相对均匀的细粒土，其中不存在极塑性（脂肪）粘土和砾石大小的颗粒，并且具有中等至低的环贯入阻力。 1.5 本试验方法可在地面或坑内的给定深度、裸露土壤或有植被的地方进行，具体取决于所需渗透速率的条件。 然而，如果试验表面低于地下水位或高位水位，则无法进行该试验方法。 1.6 在非常透水或不透水的土壤（导水率大于10%左右的土壤）中，该试验方法难以使用或所得数据可能不可靠，或两者都不可靠 −2. 厘米/秒或小于约1 × 10 −5. 或在干燥或坚硬的土壤中，如果这些土壤在安装环时断裂。对于导水率小于1的土壤 × 10 −5. cm/s指试验方法 D5093 . 1.7 该测试方法不能直接用于确定土壤的渗透系数（参见 5.2 ). 1.8 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的英寸-磅单位是数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准。 1.9 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.10 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 该试验方法适用于土壤渗透速率的现场测量。渗透速率可应用于液体废物处理、潜在化粪池处理场的评估、浸出和排水效率、灌溉要求、水扩散和补给、渠道或水库渗漏等研究。 5.2 虽然土壤的入渗速率和渗透系数的单位相似，但这两个量之间存在明显差异。 除非水力边界条件已知，如水力梯度和水流横向流动的程度，或能够可靠估计，否则它们不能直接相关。 5.3 外圈的目的是促进内圈下方的一维垂直流动。 5.4 影响入渗速率的因素很多，例如土壤结构、土壤分层、土壤表面状况、土壤饱和度、土壤和施用液体的化学和物理性质、施用液体的水头、液体的温度以及环的直径和嵌入深度。 3. 因此，在同一地点进行的试验不太可能得出相同的结果，通过本标准中描述的试验方法测量的速率主要用于比较。 5.5 测试的某些方面，例如应进行测试的时间长度和要应用的液体压头，必须取决于用户的经验、测试目的和所寻求的信息类型。 注1: 本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力，以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常认为能够胜任和客观的测试/采样/检查等。本标准的用户应注意遵守惯例 D3740 本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践 D3740 提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for field measurement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water) into soils using double-ring infiltrometer. 1.2 The infiltrometer is installed by driving into the soil. The infiltrometer also may be installed in a trench excavated in dry or stiff soils. 1.3 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring soils or processed materials or mixtures of natural soils and processed materials, or other porous materials, and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance with requirements of 1.6 . 1.4 This test method is particularly applicable to relatively uniform fine-grained soils, with an absence of very plastic (fat) clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to low resistance to ring penetration. 1.5 This test method may be conducted at the ground surface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or with vegetation in place, depending on the conditions for which infiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannot be conducted where the test surface is below the groundwater table or perched water table. 1.6 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant data may be unreliable, or both, in very pervious or impervious soils (soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 10 −2 cm/s or less than about 1 × 10 −5 cm/s) or in dry or stiff soils if these fracture when the rings are installed. For soils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 × 10 −5 cm/s refer to Test Method D5093 . 1.7 This test method cannot be used directly to determine the hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of the soil (see 5.2 ). 1.8 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is useful for field measurement of the infiltration rate of soils. Infiltration rates have application to such studies as liquid waste disposal, evaluation of potential septic-tank disposal fields, leaching and drainage efficiencies, irrigation requirements, water spreading and recharge, and canal or reservoir leakage, among other applications. 5.2 Although the units of infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity of soils are similar, there is a distinct difference between these two quantities. They cannot be directly related unless the hydraulic boundary conditions are known, such as hydraulic gradient and the extent of lateral flow of water, or can be reliably estimated. 5.3 The purpose of the outer ring is to promote one-dimensional, vertical flow beneath the inner ring. 5.4 Many factors affect the infiltration rate, for example the soil structure, soil layering, condition of the soil surface, degree of saturation of the soil, chemical and physical nature of the soil and of the applied liquid, head of the applied liquid, temperature of the liquid, and diameter and depth of embedment of rings. 3 Thus, tests made at the same site are not likely to give identical results and the rate measured by the test method described in this standard is primarily for comparative use. 5.5 Some aspects of the test, such as the length of time the tests should be conducted and the head of liquid to be applied, must depend upon the experience of the user, the purpose for testing, and the kind of information that is sought. Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.