汽车行业当前的商业模式是基于个人汽车所有权，但优步和Lyft等新的共乘公司资本充足，可以投资于大型、商业运营、按需移动服务车队。特斯拉（Tesla）等汽车制造商希望利用该公司的车队服务，将私人车主纳入兼职车队运营。当技术以可靠的方式运行，并且监管机构允许无人驾驶时，这些robotaxi车队可以盈利。尽管私人和商用车队的移动即服务（MaaS）模式可以补充公共交通模式，但它们可能有助于降低公共交通乘客量，从而提高每次乘坐的补贴。这可能导致现有公共交通基础设施的利用效率低下。 MaaS平台还可以减少对停车基础设施（如街道停车道和停车场）的依赖，这有助于改善整体交通流量，减少商业和住宅房地产开发的资本投资。城市规划可以更好地围绕公民的真实流动需求进行，而不会牺牲宝贵的空间来容纳大部分时间处于闲置状态的车辆。一个关键的挑战是过渡阶段，传统形式的汽车拥有和运输与新形式的移动服务共存（在真正的MaaS平台完全优化之前）。另一个基本问题是确定拥有汽车的真实成本，并为按需移动服务建立理想的成本结构，以取代拥有汽车的需求。这需要在不影响补贴公共交通的情况下实现，因为补贴公共交通为低收入人群提供负担得起的交通- 收入群体。注:SAE EDGE™ 研究报告旨在确定和阐明移动行业感兴趣的新兴但尚未解决的技术中的关键问题。SAE EDGE的目标™ 研究报告旨在促进讨论和工作，以期促进和加快已确定问题的解决。SAE EDGE™ 研究报告并不是为了解决他们所发现的问题，也不是为了让任何主题得到进一步的审查。

The current business model of the automotive industry is based on individual car ownership, yet new ridesharing companies such as Uber and Lyft are well capitalized to invest in large, commercially operated, on-demand mobility service vehicle fleets. Car manufacturers like Tesla want to incorporate personal car owners into part-time fleet operation by utilizing the company’s fleet service. These robotaxi fleets can be operated profitably when the technology works in a reliable manner and regulators allow driverless operation.Although Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) models of private and commercial vehicle fleets can complement public transportation models, they may contribute to lower public transportation ridership and thus higher subsidies per ride. This can lead to inefficiencies in the utilization of existing public transportation infrastructure. MaaS platforms can also cause a reduced reliance on parking infrastructure (e.g., street parking lanes and parking garages) which can contribute to an improvement in overall traffic flow, and a reduction in capital investment for commercial and residential real-estate development. Urban planning can be better centered around the true mobility needs of the citizens without sacrificing valuable space for vehicles that are inactive most of the time. A key challenge is the transition phase where traditional forms of car ownership and transportation coexist with new forms of mobility services (before true MaaS platforms are fully optimized). Another fundamental issue is determining the true cost of car ownership and establishing ideal cost structures for on-demand mobility services in order to replace the need of owning a car. This needs to occur without compromising subsidized public transportation which provides affordable transportation for low-income groups.NOTE: SAE EDGE™ Research Reports are intended to identify and illuminate key issues in emerging, but still unsettled, technologies of interest to the mobility industry. The goal of SAE EDGE™ Research Reports is to stimulate discussion and work in the hope of promoting and speeding resolution of identified issues. SAE EDGE™ Research Reports are not intended to resolve the issues they identify or close any topic to further scrutiny.