众所周知的在这种系统中，来自太阳的热量辐射到收集器上，导致显热被添加到收集器板中的液体中。液体温度在8-18 F（4.4-10°C）范围内升高后，差分控制使液体循环至热交换器，在热交换器中释放热量，并以确定和预定的速率泵送回收集器，以获得最佳效率。循环系统中的传热是通过向收集器中的收集器流体添加显热，并从热交换器中的流体中去除显热来完成的。在这里，我们讨论的是我们在数百个小型充制冷剂家用热水系统领域的设计和运行经验。 在这种情况下，热传递是通过相变实现的。我们在生产系统中使用的制冷剂是未加压的R11。此外，一些实验系统已充入R114或R12进行对比测试。引用:俄亥俄州辛辛那提市ASHRAE学报第87卷第2部分

well known. In such systems heat from the sun radiates upon a collector, causing sensible heat to be added to a liquid in the collector plate. After the temperature of the liquid has increased in the range of 8 - 18 F (4.4 - 10° C), a differential control causes the liquid to be circulated to a heat exchanger where it gives up its heat and is pumped back to the collector at a definite and predetermined rate for best efficiency. Heat transfer in a hydronic system is accomplished by adding sensible heat to the collector fluid in the collector and removing sensible heat from that fluid in the heat exchanger.Here we are discussing our experience with the design and operation in the field of several hundred small refrigerant charged domestic water heating systems. In this case, heat transfer is accomplished through phase change. The refrigerant we have used in production systems has been unpressurized R11. Also, a number of experimental systems have been charged with R114 or R12 for comparative tests.