正确评估化学、生物或放射性事件的潜在影响是建筑风险评估的必要组成部分。在评估控制或补救措施时，可量化的风险度量尤其重要，因为有些事件可能无法预防，只有结果可以缓解。许多可用的风险评估方法都是完全定性的，并且缺乏与特定建筑的必要联系，从而无法评估任何特定系统配置的保护质量。因此，需要建筑物特定的定量或半定量方法，这些方法需要可靠的性能测量来确定事件对建筑物居住者健康后果的严重性。建筑性能指标可分为基于脆弱性的和基于威胁的。基于威胁的措施是指特定事件的后果: e、 g.特定药剂的释放。这些措施可以提供事件对建筑物居住者的绝对严重程度（即伤亡人数或感染人数）。或者，基于脆弱性的指标评估事件的影响，其不是特定于颗粒剂，但可能与基线有关。本文采用了一种基于威胁的方法，其中使用多区域气流建模来模拟炭疽杆菌释放后的传播。污染物传输模拟与适当的流行病学方法相结合，以模拟药剂对建筑物居住者的影响，并产生基于威胁的事件影响测量。虽然这种方法并非没有局限性，但只要正确处理敏感性和不确定性，基于威胁的评估就可以与基于脆弱性的评估相媲美。引文:ASHRAE论文CD: 2014年ASHRAE冬季会议，纽约州纽约

Proper assessment of the potential impact of chemical, biological, or radiological events is a necessary component in building risk assessment. Quantifiable measures of risks are particularly important when evaluating control or remediation measures since it is likely that some events cannot be prevented and only the results can be mitigated. Many available risk assessment methodologies are wholly qualitative and lack the necessary connection to a specific building necessary to assess the protective qualities of any particular system configuration. Therefore, buildingspecific quantitative or semi-quantitative methods are needed which require reliable performance measures to determine the severity of health consequences of an event on building occupants. Building performance measures can be categorized as vulnerability-based and threat-based. Threatbased measures refer to the consequences of a particular event: e.g. a release of a specific agent. These measures can provide absolute severity levels (i.e. numbers of casualties or infections) that the event has upon building occupants. Alternatively, vulnerability-based metrics evaluate the impact of an event in terms that are not specific to a particulate agent, but may be relative to a baseline. A threat-based approach is undertaken here, in which multizone airflow modeling is used to simulate the spread of Bacillus anthracis after a release. The contaminant transport simulation is coupled with the appropriate epidemiological methodology to model the impact of the agent upon the building’s occupants and produce a threatbased measure of event impact. While the approach is not without limitations, the threat-based assessment compares favorably with vulnerabilitybasedmetrics as long as sensitivity and uncertainty are properly addressed.