1.1 本规程描述了在日常饮食中向鸟类施用试验物质的亚急性饮食毒性测定程序。LC 50 也可以推导出死亡时间和剂量反应曲线的斜率。 1.2 本规程适用于可均匀混合到饮食中的物质。 1.3 这种做法主要用于以下物种的幼体:北鲍勃怀特( 山齿鹑 )，日本鹌鹑( 鹌鹑 )，绿头鸭( Anas platyrhynchos公司 )和环颈雉( 雉鸡 ). 其他物种或年龄组，例如有野生圈养鸟类的物种或年龄组，可在适当的饲养修改后使用。 1.4 本标准通常用于解决鸟类监管测试要求。已提出并正在评估对本标准中所述程序的修改，以更好地满足最新风险评估程序的需要。具体来说，最新的程序要求对个别鸟类的饲料消耗进行测量，以便能够确定更精确的剂量。 虽然此类程序可能会取代现行标准中所述的程序，但无法确定最新程序是否会按预期工作，验证也不完整。因此，在验证和接受修改后的标准之前，当前指南具有实用性。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的预防说明，请参阅第节 6. . 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本规程提供了一种在受控条件下测量鸟类对其饮食中试验物质敏感性的方法。 LC 50 在本试验中获得的是亚急性毒性的有条件测量，因为食用是自愿的，并且因为饮食途径可能会引入在其他暴露技术中可能不存在的受试物质的代谢转化。 5.2 这种做法有助于评估化学品对鸟类的危害，因为接触类似于大多数现场接触，即通过饮食摄入。 5.3 使用这种做法可以观察到除死亡率外的毒性迹象。 5.4 剂量-反应曲线提供了有关鸟类对试验物质反应的额外信息。 5.5 本规程可用于研究试验物质的组合效应，以模拟鸟类可能同时暴露于一种以上物质的情况 ( 1. ). 3. 5.6 该实践为决定是否应对鸟类进行额外毒性测试提供了一个基础。

1.1 This practice describes a procedure for determining the subacute dietary toxicity of a test substance administered to birds in their daily diet. The LC 50 value time to mortality and slope of the dose response curve may also be derived. 1.2 This practice is applicable to substances that can be mixed uniformly into the diet. 1.3 This practice is intended primarily to be used with the young of the following species: northern bobwhite ( Colinus virginianus ), Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ), mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos ), and ring-necked pheasant ( Phasianus colchicus ). Other species or age groups, for example, with wild-trapped birds, may be used with appropriate husbandry modifications to the practice. 1.4 This standard is used routinely to address avian regulatory testing requirements. Modifications to the procedures described in this standard have been proposed and are being evaluated to better address the needs of the latest risk assessment procedures. Specifically, the latest procedures call for individual bird feed consumption measurements so that a more precise dose can be determined. While such procedures may replace procedures described in the current standard, there is no certainty that the newest procedures will work as anticipated, and validation is not complete. Therefore, the current guideline has utility prior to validation and acceptance of a modified standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 6 . 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This practice provides a means of measuring the susceptibility of an avian species to a test substance in its diet under controlled conditions. The LC 50 obtained in this test is a conditional measure of subacute toxicity because consumption is voluntary, and because the dietary route may introduce metabolic transformations of the test substance that might be absent in other exposure techniques. 5.2 Use of this practice contributes to the evaluation of the hazards of chemicals to birds because exposure is analogous to most field exposures, that is, through dietary intake. 5.3 The use of this practice allows for observation of signs of toxicity in addition to mortality. 5.4 The dose-response curve provides additional information about the response of birds to a test substance. 5.5 This practice can be used to study the effects of test substances in combination in order to simulate situations where birds may be exposed to more than one substance simultaneously ( 1 ). 3 5.6 This practice provides one basis for deciding whether additional toxicity testing should be conducted with birds.