1.1 本规程涵盖了从岩心筒取样器中获取土壤进行化学和物理分析的程序，重点是保持所关注化学污染物代表性的收集和处理程序。岩心筒取样器最初是空的（中空的），直到将其推入地面，以在干扰最小的情况下收集和取回圆柱形土壤样品。设备的选择和样品处理程序取决于土壤性质、采样深度和所关注的化学污染物的一般性质，即挥发性有机化合物、半挥发性有机化合物和有机污染物- 挥发性有机化合物和无机成分。所述取样程序旨在保持污染物的代表性浓度，而不管其物理状态如何，即固体、液体或气体。 1.2 本规程涵盖了指南中使用的土壤采样器 D6169 关于土壤和岩石取样，并包含在指南中 D6232 用于废物取样。指导 D6169 提供有关取样器和程序的额外信息，以保持代表性的污染物浓度。指导 D6282 是最常用于环境工作的直接推动式土壤采样器。 指导 D4547 解决了土壤挥发性化合物的特殊采样问题。本标准不包括指南中的沉积物采样器 D4823 ，但相同的原则可能适用于这些核心的处理。指导 D4700 包括有关浅层手动推土采样器的信息。 1.3 本实践中讨论了五种一般类型的芯筒取样器:分体式筒、土壤取样器、环形内衬筒、薄壁管和实心筒取样器。 1.4 本文件未涵盖可用于土壤样本采集的所有岩心筒装置。 1.5 所述程序可能适用于也可能不适用于处理样品，以评估某些岩土特性，例如土壤孔隙度。 注1: 在开始任何侵入性勘探之前，应检查现场是否有地下设施。 1.6 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。所有观察值和计算值应符合实践中确定的有效数字和舍入准则 D6026 . 以国际单位制以外的单位报告试验结果不应视为不符合本标准。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 在环境调查期间，通常在从表面、渗流区（术语）收集土壤后对其进行分析 D653 )，有时从地下水位以下确定和量化化学污染物的存在。污染物是一种典型的危险物质，通常不存在或自然存在，但浓度异常高（指南 D4687 ). 样本的三维空间阵列通常可以提供有关污染物迁移来源和路径的信息。结果信息用于指导补救和纠正措施，或用于监测目的。使用岩心筒取样器获取土壤样本涉及将该设备打入地面，然后将其取回进行样本处理。 通常可以接受几种推进岩心筒的方法（例如，试验方法 D1586 ; 实践 D1587 , D3550 和 D6151 ; 指南 D5784 , D5875 , D5876 , D6169 和 D6282 ). 应避免使用钻井液（液体或空气）的钻井方法，因为它们更容易受到交叉污染（指南 D6286 )（参见 6.1.6 ). 5.2 如果要采集样品以测定全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFA），则所有采样设备应采用无氟材料制成。PFAS采样可能存在其他考虑因素，但不在本标准范围内。

1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining soils from core barrel samplers for chemical and physical analysis, with an emphasis on the collection and handling procedures that maintain the representativeness of the chemical contaminants of concern. Core barrel samplers are initially empty (hollow) until they are pushed into the ground to collect and retrieve a cylindrical soil sample with minimal disturbance. The selection of equipment and the sample handling procedures are dependent on the soil properties, the depth of sampling, and the general properties of the chemical contaminants of concern, that is, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and inorganic constituents. The sampling procedures described are designed to maintain representative concentrations of the contaminants regardless of their physical state(s), that is, solid, liquid, or gas. 1.2 This practice covers soil samplers used in Guide D6169 on soils and rock sampling and included in Guide D6232 for waste sampling. Guide D6169 provides additional information on samplers and procedures that will preserve representative contaminate concentrations. Guide D6282 is on direct-push soil samplers that are most frequently used for environmental work. Guide D4547 addresses special sampling of soils for volatile compounds. This standard does not include sediment samplers in Guide D4823 , but the same principles may apply to handling of those cores. Guide D4700 includes information on shallow manual push soil samplers. 1.3 Five general types of core barrel samplers are discussed in this practice: split-barrel, soil corer, ring-lined barrel, thin-walled tube, and solid-barrel samplers. 1.4 This document does not cover all the core barrel devices that are available for the collection of soil samples. 1.5 The procedures described may or may not be applicable to handling of samples for assessing certain geotechnical properties, for example, soil porosity. Note 1: Prior to commencement of any intrusive exploration, the site should be checked for underground utilities. 1.6 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 . Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Often during environmental investigations, soils are analyzed after being collected from the surface, the vadose zone (Terminology D653 ), and sometimes from below the groundwater table to identify and quantify the presence of a chemical contaminant. A contaminant is a substance that is typically hazardous and either is not normally present or that occurs naturally but is of an uncharacteristically high concentration (Guide D4687 ). A three-dimensional spatial array of samples can often provide information as to the source and route(s) of migration of the contaminant. The resultant information is used to direct remedial and corrective actions or can be used for monitoring purposes. Obtaining a soil sample with a core barrel sampler involves driving this device into the ground and then retrieving it for sample processing. Several methods for advancing a core barrel are generally acceptable (for example, Test Method D1586 ; Practices D1587 , D3550 , and D6151 ; Guides D5784 , D5875 , D5876 , D6169 , and D6282 ). Drilling methods that use drilling fluids (liquids or air) should be avoided because they are more susceptible to cross-contamination (Guide D6286 ) (see 6.1.6 ). 5.2 If samples are to be collected for the determination of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), all sampling equipment should be made of fluorine-free materials. Other considerations for PFAS sampling may exist but are beyond the scope of this standard.