本powerpoint演示文稿首先简要概述了北卡罗来纳州罗利市及其供水系统。项目目标包括:更新污染模拟模型；确定水系统基础设施的脆弱性； 制定应急响应方案；和 防止整个配电系统停机。本文介绍了模型开发、污染模拟和两个案例研究。建模方法的局限性包括: 缺乏污染物的衰减系数数据 制作模型以模拟污染物 保守的化学反应，这可能会高估 受影响地区；追溯污染源仍然是一个难题 具有挑战性的模特工作；和 模型中的假设，例如应用 相同的日常使用模式可以分组 客户，将结果限制为 真实系统中发生的近似值。

This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of the city of Raleigh, North Carolina, and its water distribution system. Project objectives include: updating model for contamination simulations; identifying water system infrastructure vulnerability; developing an emergency response protocol; and, preventing the shutdown of the whole distribution system. Model development is presented, along with contamination simulations, and two case studies. Limitations of modeling approach include: lack of decay coefficient data of the contaminants makes model to simulate the contaminant as conservative chemical, which may over-estimate the affected area; back-tracing the source of contamination is still a challenging job for model; and, the assumptions in the model, such as applying the same daily usage patterns to grouped customers, limit the result only as an approximation of what happens in the real system.