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Natural UV Absorbers That Simulate Low Water UVT Conditions - Optimizing UV Reactor Validation 模拟低水紫外线条件的天然紫外线吸收剂-优化紫外线反应器验证
发布日期: 2004-11-15
紫外线验证期间使用的化学添加剂的光谱紫外线(UV)吸光度,以调整 验证中压紫外线系统时,UVT是一个重要的考虑因素。光谱 紫外线吸收率应模拟将由紫外线系统在水中处理的水的吸收率 处理厂。目前使用的紫外线吸收剂是咖啡和木质素磺酸。对于给定的UV 在254nm的透射率下,在更高波长下的紫外吸收率往往大于此值 水处理厂的水。这会影响紫外线的剂量传递和监测 核反应堆对于给定的流量、UVT 254和灯输出,反应堆验证期间的剂量传递 将低于WTP。对于给定的流量,UVT 254,以及UV传感器读数,剂量 验证期间,UV反应器监控系统显示的交付量将更高 如果紫外线传感器位于相对靠近灯的位置,且如果 紫外线传感器位于距离灯相对较远的位置。对于后一种情况,美国环境保护署UVDGM 建议应用一个安全系数来解释医生对剂量的低估 监控系统。所有这些结果都会影响中压设备的资本和运维成本 系统。在这项研究中,浓缩物来自反渗透(RO)、纳滤(NF)和离子交换 交换(IX),一种农业生长促进产品,和木质素磺酸进行了比较 作为验证MP UV系统的紫外线吸收剂进行比较。包括5个参考文献、表格、图表。
The spectral ultraviolet (UV) absorbance of the chemical additives used during UV validation to adjust the UVT is an important consideration when validating medium pressure UV systems. The spectral UV absorbance should mimic that of the water that will be treated by the UV system at the water treatment plant. Current UV absorbers used are coffee and lignin sulphonic acid. For a given UV transmittance at 254 nm, the UV absorbance at higher wavelengths tends to be greater than that of water treatment plant waters. This impacts both dose delivery and monitoring by the UV reactor. For a given flow, UVT 254, and lamp output, dose delivery during reactor validation will be lower than at the WTP. For a given flow, UVT 254, and UV sensor reading, dose delivery indicated by the UV reactor's monitoring system during validation will be higher during validation than at the WTP if the UV sensor is located relatively close to the lamps and lower if the UV sensor is located relatively far from the lamps. With the latter case, the US Environmental Protection Agency UVDGM recommends application of a safety factor to account for the underestimation of dose by the monitoring system. All of these outcomes impact the capital and O&M costs of medium pressure systems. In this study, concentrates from reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), and ion exchange (IX), an agricultural growth-enhancement product, and lignin sulphonic acid were compared as UV absorbers for validating MP UV systems. Includes 5 references, tables, figures.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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