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现行 ASTM F3525/F3525M-21
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Standard Specification Fabricated Fittings of Crosslinkable Polyethylene (CX-PE) 交联聚乙烯(CX-PE)制备配件的标准规范
发布日期: 2021-11-01
1.1 本规范规定了拟用于外径受控CX-PE管的预制配件的要求。这些配件是通过热熔连接形状改良CX-PE组件制造的,该组件由管道、模制配件、板材、坯料或砌块制成。包括材料、设计、工艺、最小尺寸、标记、测试方法和质量控制的要求。 1.2 装配式配件设计的压力额定值不在本标准范围内,应由配件制造商确定。 1.3 根据本规范制造的配件主要用于连接CX- 根据管道制造商推荐的调试实践进行调试的CX-PE管道系统中使用的PE管道。此外,根据本规范制造的配件 ≥ 65 % 安装前交联可以满足规范的附加要求 F2829 . 1.4 为配件确定的压力额定值将产生配件的等效尺寸比(EDR)。管件制造商规定的EDR是拟连接装配管件的管道系统的DR。本标准规定,配件应使用DR低于拟连接配件的管道的管段制造。 本标准遵循规范模式 F2206页 其中规定,制造的多段弯头配件的壁厚应至少为22 % 例如,超过要连接到的管道。 注1: 仅增加壁厚不一定足以生产足够使用的配件。如果不考虑适当的材料放置,增加壁厚可能会损害性能。有限元分析研究表明,装配壁段的突然变化,例如重型插座轮毂和车身壁之间,会将应力集中在过渡点。塑料管道系统中的弯曲、压力、膨胀和收缩产生的法向应力可能会在此时破坏管件。 从22开始的短暂过渡 % 管道或油管的较厚管件也会产生类似的情况。 1.5 装配配件的设计不在本标准范围内。与厚度和锥角相关的要求旨在将潜在良好的装配配件与故障风险高的配件区分开来。建议本标准用户,对于大型或定制配件,本标准要求进行最低限度的测试,其本身可能不足以识别根据本标准制造的设计和生产不当的配件。根据本标准制造的配件的设计和生产应由经过适当培训、具备配件设计和生产知识的制造商进行。 1.6 根据本规范制造配件的管道应根据管道制造商规范生产。 1.7 本规范的正文引用了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注(不包括表和图中的注释和脚注)不应视为本标准的要求。 1.8 以国际单位制或英寸-磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准值。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值;因此,每个系统应相互独立使用。如果将两个系统的值结合起来,则可能不符合本规程。 括号中的值是经过适当四舍五入以确保准确性和精度的转换;并非完全等同,且用于非强制性信息目的。 1.9 以下安全隐患警告仅适用于压力测试要求 6.3 符合本规范的要求。 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题(如有)。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践,并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.10 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for fabricated fittings intended for use with outside-diameter controlled CX-PE pipe and tubing. These fittings are manufactured by heat-fusion joining shape-modified CX-PE components prepared from pipe, molded fittings, sheet, billet, or block. Included are requirements for materials, design, workmanship, minimum dimensions, marking, test methods, and quality control. 1.2 Pressure rating of the fabricated-fitting design is beyond the scope of this standard and shall be established by the fitting manufacturer. 1.3 Fittings manufactured in accordance with this specification are primarily intended to be joined to CX-PE pipes and used in CX-PE piping systems that are commissioned in accordance with a pipe manufacturer recommended commissioning practice. In addition, fittings manufactured in accordance with this specification that are ≥ 65 % crosslinked prior to installation can meet the additional requirements of Specification F2829 . 1.4 The pressure rating determined for a fitting will result in the fittings’ equivalent dimension ratio (EDR). The EDR specified by the fitting manufacturer is the DR of the piping system for which the fabricated fitting is intended to be joined. This standard specifies that fittings be fabricated from pipe sections of a lower DR than pipe that the fabricated fitting is intended to be joined to. This standard follows the pattern of Specification F2206 which specifies that the wall thickness of fabricated multiple segment elbow fittings shall be a minimum of 22 % more than the pipe to be joined to for example. Note 1: Increased wall thickness alone is not necessarily sufficient to produce fittings adequate for use. Increased wall thickness without consideration of proper material placement can be detrimental to performance. Finite element analysis studies have shown that abrupt changes in fitting wall sections, such as between a heavy socket hub and body wall, concentrates stress at the transition point. Normal stresses from flex, pressure, expansion, and contraction in a plastic piping system can break a fitting at this point. Short transitions from 22 % thicker fittings to pipe or tubing create a similar condition. 1.5 Design of fabricated fittings is outside of the scope of this standard. Requirements related to thicknesses and taper angles are intended to differentiate potentially good, fabricated fittings from fittings with a high risk of failure. Users of the standard are advised that for large or made-to-order fittings, minimal testing is required by this standard, and it may be insufficient itself to identify improperly designed and produced fittings made in accordance with this standard. The design and production of fittings made in accordance with this standard shall be performed by a fabricator with appropriate training, equipment and knowledge of fitting design and production. 1.6 Pipe used to fabricate fittings in accordance with this specification shall be produced in accordance with pipe manufacturer specifications. 1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Non-conformance with this practice is possible if values from the two systems are combined. Values in parentheses are conversions that are appropriately rounded for accuracy and precision; that are not exact equivalents, and that are for non-mandatory informational purposes. 1.9 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the pressure test requirements 6.3 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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