1.1 本试验方法涵盖了评估汽车发动机油与几种参考弹性体兼容性的定量程序，这些参考弹性体是与这些机油接触的密封材料中使用的典型弹性体。当弹性体试样在油中浸泡指定的时间和温度时，通过确定体积、硬度计A硬度和拉伸性能的变化来评估相容性。 1.2 有效的密封作用要求用于任何密封的弹性体的物理性能对它们所浸入的液体或油具有高水平的抵抗力。 当存在这样高水平的阻力时，弹性体被认为与液体或油相容。 注1: 该测试方法的使用者应精通测试方法的使用 D412 （拉伸性能）， D471 （橡胶浸入液体的影响）， D2240 （硬度计硬度），以及 D5662 （齿轮油与典型油封弹性体的兼容性），所有这些都涉及本试验方法的操作。 1.3 该试验方法仅提供油/弹性体相容性的初步或一阶评估。由于密封件可能会受到静态或动态载荷，或两者兼而有之，并且它们可以在一系列条件下运行，因此对任何弹性体的潜在密封性能进行全面评估- 在任何使用条件下的机油组合通常需要在本测试方法中描述的测试之外进行额外的测试。 1.4 本试验方法中规定的几种参考弹性体配方被选择为两种重型柴油发动机中使用的弹性体配方的代表（详见 附件A1 )和乘用车火花点火式发动机（后者包含在 附件A2 )。然而，本试验方法中描述的程序也可用于评估具有不同弹性体类型/配方或不同试验持续时间和温度的汽车发动机油与本试验方法所用机油的兼容性。 注2: 在这种情况下，第节中的准确性和偏差说明 12 不适用。除了商定可接受的精度限制外，在相关情况下，用户和供应商还应同意: （1） 所使用的测试温度和浸泡时间； （2） 弹性体的配方和典型性能；和 （3） 弹性体片材的采购和质量控制。 注3: TMC也可以就此事发布信息函。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准中不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 该试验方法安排如下: 部分 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 试验方法总结 4. 意义和用途 5. 仪器 6. 参考资料 7. 程序 8. 计算 9 TMC 1006-1参考油 10 汇报 11 精度和偏差 12 关键词 13 重型柴油发动机常用参考弹性体的配方和物理性能 附件A1 火花点火式发动机中典型使用的参考弹性体的试验程序 附件A2 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 5.1 一些机油配方已被证明与汽车发动机中用于密封的某些弹性体缺乏兼容性。 新发动机油（即未暴露在发动机工作环境中的机油）以及暴露在高温下时，对弹性体的这些有害影响最大。 5.2 该测试方法要求非参考油与已知在使用条件下对某些参数具有侵蚀性的参考油同时进行测试。这 相对的 兼容性允许对在役非参考油的预期或预测性能作出决定。 5.3 弹性体材料的物理性能可能会发生显著变化，不仅在不同批次之间，而且在片材内部和片材之间。 试验实验室将参考油的结果提交给TMC，使其能够不断更新总的和实验室内的标准偏差估计值。因此，这些估计包含了参考弹性体性能变化对测试可变性的影响。 5.4 该测试方法适用于规范符合性测试、质量控制、裁判测试和研发。 5.5 本试验方法中涉及的参考弹性体、参考油和物理特性满足了机油的具体要求。 尽管存在弹性体与液体相容性的其他测试，但这些测试被认为对发动机油过于笼统。

1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature. 1.2 Effective sealing action requires that the physical properties of elastomers used for any seal have a high level of resistance to the liquid or oil in which they are immersed. When such a high level of resistance exists, the elastomer is said to be compatible with the liquid or oil. Note 1: The user of this test method should be proficient in the use of Test Methods D412 (tensile properties), D471 (effect of rubber immersion in liquids), D2240 (Durometer hardness), and D5662 (gear oil compatibility with typical oil seal elastomers), all of which are involved in the execution of the operations of this test method. 1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method. 1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1 ) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2 ). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method. Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree: (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets. Note 3: The TMC may also issue Information Letters on this matter. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This test method is arranged as follows: Section Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Reference Materials 7 Procedure 8 Calculations 9 TMC 1006-1 Reference Oil 10 Report 11 Precision and Bias 12 Keywords 13 Formulations and Physical Properties for Reference Elastomers Typically Used in Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines Annex A1 Test Procedure for Reference Elastomers Typically Used in Spark-Ignition Engines Annex A2 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Some engine oil formulations have been shown to lack compatibility with certain elastomers used for seals in automotive engines. These deleterious effects on the elastomer are greatest with new engine oils (that is, oils that have not been exposed to an engine’s operating environment) and when the exposure is at elevated temperatures. 5.2 This test method requires that non-reference oil(s) be tested in parallel with a reference oil known to be aggressive for some parameters under service conditions. This relative compatibility permits decisions on the anticipated or predicted performance of the non-reference oil in service. 5.3 Elastomer materials can show significant variation in physical properties, not only from batch to batch but also within a sheet and from sheet to sheet. Results obtained with the reference oil are submitted by the test laboratories to the TMC to allow it to update continually the total and within-laboratory standard deviation estimates. These estimates, therefore, incorporate effects of variations in the properties of the reference elastomers on the test variability. 5.4 This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee testing, and research and development. 5.5 The reference elastomers, reference oil, and the physical properties involved in this test method address the specific requirements of engine oils. Although other tests exist for compatibility of elastomers with liquids, these are considered too generalized for engine oils.