1.1 本试验方法定义了一种方法和测量标准，用于量化固定式撇油器在理想条件下的性能，以支持设备的铭牌回收率（容量）。如果需要确定撇沫器在实际条件下（即前进或波浪）的能力，则应根据指南进行测试 F631 或同等产品。 1.2 该测试方法包括测试以确定回收效率的选项。 1.3 本试验方法和参数旨在提供理想的回收条件，使撇油器系统能够以最大可能的回收率运行和收集油。在理想条件下，系统固有的机械和物理属性成为限制因素。 1.4 本试验方法旨在确定撇油器系统的局限性，例如撇油机构的性能、撇油器和集水坑内的油流、泵特性和典型排放压头条件。 1.5 根据本试验方法测定的铭牌回收率在实际泄漏条件下不可能达到，这是可以接受的。测得的铭牌回收率应与降额系数结合使用，以考虑以下问题:接触率的变化、其他回收条件的变化、油性质和浮油厚度的变化、日照时间、操作员停机时间、撇油器设置的不理想控制以及恶劣天气。 1.6 本试验方法涉及使用可能被视为危险材料的特定试验油。本试验方法的使用者有责任获得并遵守使用和处置试验油所需的许可证和规定。 1.7 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.8 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 根据排放泵的速率（通常使用水作为测试流体）或其他任意方法来确定撇沫器的容量是行业惯例。 4.2 最终用户需要一种测试方法，用于评估设备规划和选择的最佳性能数据。 4.3 该测试方法将帮助生产商和其他利益相关者验证和准确报告撇沫器系统性能。 4.4 该测试方法专门用于量化两个关键的撇油器性能值，以降低测试成本，并鼓励行业范围的性能标准化。 4.5 该测试方法建立了测试条件，该测试条件将导致测量的铭牌回收率和测试参数（油类型、粘度、工作速度）组合的指示，这些参数将导致被测撇沫器系统的最高平均性能。 4.6 该测试方法将在典型的回收操作条件下验证撇沫器系统中排放泵的性能。具体来说，这将包括适度施加的水头压力，由规定长度的排放软管引起的静态水头和动态摩擦损失组成。 4.7 本试验方法鼓励使用两种或两种以上的油进行性能试验，以进行比较。 4.8 试验应在有充分记录的条件下进行，并产生可重复的结果。 现有标准（例如指南）涵盖了更详细的撇沫器性能测试和收集 F631 ). 4.9 测试（SL Ross 2007） 3. 研究表明，当存在水时，在50 mm至75 mm的滑膜厚度范围内的恢复性能产生的值与明显较厚的滑膜相当。粘性油中的高速撇油器可能不是这种情况，在这种情况下，油回收率超过浮油流向撇油器机构的速度。 4.10 对于包括排放泵各种选项的撇渣系统，本测试方法中描述的测试可用于测量系统撇渣部件的性能。泵送部件的性能可以使用本试验方法中记录的相同油粘度和排放压头条件独立测量。任何指定撇渣部件和泵组合的铭牌回收率测量值应为撇渣部件和泵中的较小值。

1.1 This test method defines a method and measurement criteria to quantify the performance of a stationary skimmer in ideal conditions in support of a device’s nameplate recovery rate (capacity). If a determination of a skimmer’s capabilities in realistic conditions (that is, advancing or waves) is required, testing should be performed according to Guide F631 or equivalent. 1.2 This test method includes the option of testing to determine recovery efficiency. 1.3 This test method and parameters are intended to provide ideal recovery conditions allowing the skimmer system to operate and collect oil at its maximum possible recovery rate. Given ideal conditions, inherent mechanical and physical attributes of the system become the limiting factors. 1.4 This test method is intended to identify limitations of the skimmer system, such as performance of the skimming mechanism, the flow of oil within the skimmer and sump, the pump characteristics, and typical discharge head conditions. 1.5 It is accepted that the measured nameplate recovery rate as determined by this test method will not likely be achievable under actual conditions of a spill. The measured nameplate recovery rate should be used in conjunction with a de-rating factor to account for such issues as changing encounter rate, changes in other recovery conditions, changes in oil properties and slick thickness, number of daylight hours, operator downtime, less than ideal control of skimmer settings, and inclement weather. 1.6 This test method involves the use of specific test oils that may be considered hazardous materials. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to procure and abide by necessary permits and regulations for the use and disposal of test oil. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 It has been industry practice to claim the capacity of a skimmer based on the rate of the discharge pump (which are typically rated using water as a test fluid) or other arbitrary methods. 4.2 End users need a test methodology that evaluates optimum performance data for planning and selection of equipment. 4.3 This test method will assist producers and other stakeholders to verify and accurately report skimmer system performance. 4.4 This test method is specifically designed to quantify two key skimmer performance values, to reduce testing costs, and to encourage industry wide performance standardization. 4.5 This test method establishes test conditions that will result in a measured nameplate recovery rate and an indication of the combination of test parameters (oil type, viscosity, operating speed) that result in the highest average performance for the tested skimmer system. 4.6 This test method will validate the performance of the discharge pump in the skimmer system, under conditions that are typical of a recovery operation. Specifically, this will include a modest imposed head pressure composed of static head and dynamic friction losses due to a specified length of discharge hose. 4.7 This test method encourages performance testing using two or more oils for comparison purposes. 4.8 Tests shall be conducted under well-documented conditions and generate repeatable results. More detailed testing and collection of skimmer performance is covered under existing standards (for example, Guide F631 ). 4.9 Testing (SL Ross 2007) 3 has shown that, when water is present, recovery performance in slick thicknesses ranging from 50 mm to 75 mm results in values comparable to significantly thicker slicks. This may not be the case with high-rate skimmers in viscous oil, where the rate of oil recovery exceeds the rate at which the slick will flow to the skimmer mechanism. 4.10 For skimming systems that include various options for the discharge pump, the test described in this test method may be used to measure the performance of the skimming component of the system. Performance of the pumping component can be measured independently using the same viscosity of oil and the discharge head conditions noted in this test method. The measured nameplate recovery rate of any specified skimming component and pump combination would be the lesser of the skimming component and the pump.