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A Comprehensive Approach to Public Water System Management in the State of Washington 华盛顿州公共水系统管理的综合方法
发布日期: 1991-01-01
华盛顿州有1.3万个小型供水系统,仅为2人供水。该州小型系统管理计划的两个关键部分是:1)通过卫星系统管理局规定小型系统的接管状态;2)要求小型系统的水必须经过公共和个人水源的“安全和充足”认证。小型系统包括三类:1)具有独立管理和融资手段的系统;2) 提供15-1000项服务的系统,需要独立融资或合作,以实现州和联邦水质法规; 3)有2-15个客户的系统可能无法满足州和联邦要求。最后一组中的大多数系统将被要求与相邻系统合并,或将所有权转让给国家卫星系统管理局。很少有新系统会被创建。作者描述了与各州和大型公用事业公司的长期计划合作实施该项目的10步框架。
The State of Washington's has 13,000 small water systems serving as few as 2 people. Two critical pieces of the state's small systems management program are: 1) a provision for receivership status for small systems through the Satellite System Management Agency; and 2) a requirement that small systems' water be certified "safe and adequate" for public and individual sources. The small systems comprise three groups: 1) systems with independent means to manage and finance themselves; 2) systems with 15-1000 services, which will require independent financing or a cooperative effort to achieve state and federal water quality regulations; and 3) systems with 2-15 customers who will probably not be able to meet state and federal requirements. Most systems in the last group will be required to merge with an adjacent system or transfer ownership to the state Satellite System Management Agency. Very few new systems will be created. The author describes the 10-step framework for implementing the program in cooperation with the states' and larger utilities' long-term plans.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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