25年来，作者一直在使用效益成本分析来评估和优先考虑潜在风险 保护措施。随着关于用户用水方式的最新更好数据的出现，例如 由AWWARF住宅和商业/机构最终用途研究提供 现在可以在最终使用级别进行节约估算。这种复杂性的增加是合理的 通过更可靠的结果。计算预计节水量并进行效益成本分析的任务 使用最终用途模型更准确。 本文描述了使用这种模型的经验 在过去五年里，100多个社区。 该模型被称为最小成本规划需求管理决策支持系统（DSS） 模型，已用于大型和小型项目，有时涉及单独的DSS模型长达 一个地区有30个社区。评估的每项研究的测量值范围为15到30 35.在每一种情况下，有些措施是符合成本效益的，而另一些则不是。预计可节约的水资源 推荐的项目范围从几个百分点到几个百分点，再加上已经实施的项目，比如 管道和设备代码，高达10%。包括这两项在内的总节约可以在 实施20-30年后，范围为10-20%。 这种更详细的方法所涉及的工作量是巨大的。然而 使用这种方法比所需的额外努力更重要。校准过程提供了额外的 深入了解客户如何用水，并验证人口统计数据和用水数据是否一致 适合服务区域。 评估大量措施和替代方案的能力 项目相对较快地提高了水资源规划师在项目设计上的创新能力。包括表格、数字。

Benefit-cost analysis has been used by the authors for 25 years to evaluate and prioritize potential conservation measures. With the advent of recent and better data on how customers use water, such as provided by the AWWARF Residential and Commercial/Institutional End Use Studies, the water savings estimates can now be made at the end use level. This increased level of complexity is justified by more reliable results. The task of computing estimated water savings and doing benefit-cost analysis is more accurate with the use of an end use model. This paper describes experiences using such a model for more than 100 communities over the last five years. The model, called the Least Cost Planning Demand Management Decision Support System, or DSS Model, has been used for projects large and small, sometimes involving separate DSS Models for up to 30 communities in a regional area. The number of measures for each study evaluated ranged from 15 to 35. In each case some measures were cost-effective while others were not. Projected water savings for recommended programs ranged from a few percent, on top of programs already in place, such as plumbing and appliance codes, to upwards of ten percent. Total savings including both can be in the range of 10-20 percent after 20 to 30 years of implementation. The amount of effort involved in this more detailed approach is significant. However, the benefits of using this approach outweigh the additional effort involved. The calibration process provides additional insight into how customers use water and verifies that the demographic and water use data are consistent and appropriate for the service area. The ability to evaluate a large number of measures and alternative programs relatively quickly enhances the water planner's ability to be creative on program design. Includes tables, figures.