一些流行病学研究已经将饮用水中的铝（Al）与阿尔茨海默病的发病率联系起来，尽管与其他饮食来源相比，水的摄入比例相对较小。为了使明矾饮用水中的铝对血液中的铝有显著的贡献，它必须比食物中的铝具有更高的生物利用度，即更容易从肠道吸收到血液中。使用29名健康志愿者测定了食品和明矾处理过的饮用水（ATW）中自然存在的铝的相对生物利用度，这些志愿者在两天的时间内饮用ATW或纯水，无论是否添加柠檬酸盐，同时进行控制饮食。 每天只有1-2%的铝摄入量来自ATW，而ATW中只有0.3-0.4%的铝被身体吸收，这一比例与从食物中吸收的比例相同。据估计，每天饮用含140微克铝的1.6升ATW只占铝终生身体负担的0.4-1.1%。包括30篇参考文献、表格和图表。

Several epidemiological studies have associated aluminum (Al) in drinking water with the incidence of Alzheimer's disease, despite the fact that water provides a relatively minor proportion of intake compared with other dietary sources. For Al from alum-teated drinking water to contribute markedly to blood Al, it would have to be much more bioavailable, i.e., more readily taken up from the gut into the bloodstream, than Al from food. The relative bioavailabilities of Al naturally present in food and in alum-treated drinking water (ATW) were determined using 29 healthy volunteers who drank, during two-day periods, ATW or pure water, with and without citrate, while on a controlled diet. Only 1-2 percent of the daily intake of Al came from ATW and only 0.3-0.4 percent of the Al in ATW was absorbed by the body - the same percentage as that absorbed from food. It was estimated that drinking 1.6 L/d of ATW containing 140 ug/L Al would contribute only 0.4-1.1 percent of the lifetime body burden of Al. Includes 30 references, tables, figures.