边际成本定价和季节性定价是两种适用于水价结构的经济学理论。介绍了每个概念的基本原理。有一些障碍可能会阻碍这些概念在供水服务中的实际应用，包括增量成本计算、峰值价格弹性、超额收入、收入分配和效率方面的问题。所涉及的其他具体应用问题包括针尖和移动峰值、公众接受度、客户损失、计量以及配电成本、客户成本和消防成本的计算。然而，这些问题不应妨碍创新率的考虑- 制作结构。包括7篇参考文献。

Marginal cost pricing and seasonal pricing are two economic theories applicable to water rate structures. The rationale for each concept is presented. There are obstacles that can impede actual use of these concepts in water service, including problems with incremental cost calculation, peak price elasticity, excess revenue, distribution of income, and efficiency. Other specific application problems covered are needle and shifting peaks, public acceptance, loss of customers, metering, and calculation of distribution costs, customer costs, and fire protection costs. Nevertheless, such problems should not prevent the consideration of innovative rate-making structures. Includes 7 references.