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Non-Residential Water Conservation in Phoenix: Promoting the Use of "Best Available Technologies" 凤凰城的非住宅节水:推广使用“最佳可用技术”
发布日期: 1990-01-01
非居民用水者(工业、商业和政府设施)的保护是凤凰城水资源规划的关键组成部分。已经进行了一项重大研究,以了解工业和企业如何使用水,并鼓励这些用户节约成本。这项研究确定了13种可以节约的用水类型,并提出了适用于管道、冷却塔、蒸发冷却器、直流冷却、过程冲洗、高压灭菌器、车辆清洗、商业洗衣房、厨房和景观灌溉的最佳节约技术。给出了估计的节省量。该市制定了一项鼓励节约用水的全面计划,包括研究和教育、认可、财政奖励和条例。成立了一个由非居民用户组成的咨询委员会,确定了七个关键用户群体。 在研究和教育领域,为每个关键用户群体制定了节水指南;这些指南包括水资源保护理念,以及用户群中设施的每项重要用水讨论。其他研究/教育工作包括研讨会、访问大型用户、为大型用户制定保护计划、员工教育、贸易展展览、媒体发布和邮寄。表彰项目包括奖项、市长午餐会和媒体发布。财务激励包括回扣、项目特定激励和贷款援助。条例主要针对冷却塔。在城市项目中,市政府为节约用水树立了榜样,包括员工教育、管道改造和景观审计。
Conservation by nonresidential water users--industry, business, and government facilities--is a key component of water resources planning in Phoenix. A major study has been made to understand how industries and businesses use water and to encourage these users to conserve where it is cost-effective. The study identified 13 types of water use amenable to conservation and suggested best available conservation technologies for plumbing, cooling towers, evaporative coolers, once- through cooling, process rinsing, autoclaves, vehicle washing, commercial laundries, kitchens, and landscape irrigation. Estimated savings are given. The city created a comprehensive plan for encouraging water conservation, including research and education, recognition, financial incentives, and ordinances. An advisory committee comprising nonresidential users was formed and seven key user groups were identified. In the area of research and education, water conservation guides were developed for each key user group; the guides include water conservation ideas and a discussion of each significant water use by facilities in the user group. Other research/education efforts include seminars, visits to large users, developing a conservation plan for large users, employee education, trade show exhibits, media releases, and mailings. Recognition programs include awards, mayor's luncheon, and media releases. Financial incentives include rebates, project-specific incentives, and loan assistance. Ordinances primarily address cooling towers. In-city programs, in which the city government sets an example for water conservation, include employee education, plumbing retrofit, and landscape audits.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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