1.1 程序A- 本指南描述了制定核表面水分和密度计的密度系统计数与观察密度系统响应的密度标准的相应湿密度值之间的数学关系的过程和目标。 1.2 程序B- 本指南描述了比较由核表面水分和密度计测量的湿密度和观察密度系统响应的密度标准的相应密度值的过程和目标。 1.3 本指南描述了核表面水分和密度计测量验证的过程和目标。 1.4 程序A- 本指南描述了制定核表面水分和密度计的含水量系统计数与观察含水量系统响应的含水量标准的相应单位体积水质量值之间的数学关系的过程和目标。 1.5 程序B- 本指南描述了比较由核表面水分和密度计测量的单位体积水质量和观察含水量系统响应的相应含水量标准的相应单位体积水质量的过程和目标。 1.6 本指南描述了核表面水分和密度计测量验证的过程和目标。 1.7 本指南描述了计算或测量仪表测量精度的两个数学过程。 1.8 本指南为制定和报告使用经过校准和验证的仪表进行测量的不确定性估计提供了指导。 1.9 所有观察值和计算值应符合实践中制定的有效数字和舍入指南 D6026 . 1.10 单位- 以国际单位制或英寸-磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准值。每个系统中规定的值不一定是精确的等价物；因此，为确保符合本标准，每个系统应独立使用，且两个系统的值不得组合。在本标准文本中，先出现国际单位制，然后是括号中的英寸-磅（或其他非国际单位制）单位。 1.10.1 以国际单位制以外的单位报告试验结果不应视为不符合本指南。 1.11 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.12 本指南提供了有组织的信息收集或一系列选项，并不建议采取具体行动。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。并非本指南的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。本文件标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。 1.13 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 仪表校准的目的如下: 5.1.1 必要时，计算密度校准方程的校准常数，该方程将计量密度系统响应（“密度计数”）与产生该响应的标准的土壤等效密度联系起来。 5.1.2 必要时，计算含水量校准方程的校准常数，该方程将计量含水量系统响应（“含水量计数”）与产生该响应的标准的单位体积水质量值联系起来。 5.1.3 建立量规测得的密度与引发该响应的标准土壤等效密度之间的关系。 5.1.4 建立由压力计测量的单位体积水质量与引发该响应的标准单位体积水质量之间的关系。 5.1.5 确保仪表具有与典型仪表响应一致的就地密度计精度水平。 5.1.6 确保计量器具有与典型计量器响应一致的每单位体积计量器精度水平。 5.2 仪表验证的目的如下: 5.2.1 当需要调整仪表指示的就地密度读数和相应仪表密度测试计数之间的数学关系，以使仪表测量误差不超过所用校准方法的规定绝对最大测量误差时，向执行验证的一方或机构发出指示。 5.2.2 向进行验证的一方或机构表明，何时需要调整仪表指示的单位体积水质量与相应仪表含水量测试计数之间的数学关系，以使仪表测量误差不超过所用校准方法的规定绝对最大测量误差。 5.2.3 仪表验证和校准需要专业培训和设备。仪表校准和验证最好由受过仪表正确操作、校准标准以及正确执行这些操作所需的任何表格、图表、图形或计算机程序培训的人员进行。 注1: 本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力，以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常认为能够胜任和客观的测试/采样/检查等。本标准的用户应注意遵守惯例 D3740 本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践 D3740 提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。

1.1 Procedure A— This guide describes the process and objective of formulating the mathematical relationship between the density system count of a nuclear surface moisture and density gauge and the corresponding wet density value of the density standard upon which the density system response was observed. 1.2 Procedure B— This guide describes the process and objective of comparing the wet density measured by a nuclear surface moisture and density gauge and the corresponding density value of the density standard upon which the density system response was observed. 1.3 This guide describes the process and objective of the verification of the measurements of a nuclear surface moisture and density gauge. 1.4 Procedure A— This guide describes the process and objective of formulating the mathematical relationship between the water content system count of a nuclear surface moisture and density gauge and the corresponding water mass per unit volume value of the water content standard upon which the water content system response was observed. 1.5 Procedure B— This guide describes the process and objective of comparing the water mass per unit volume measured by a nuclear surface moisture and density gauge and the corresponding water mass per unit volume of the corresponding water content standard upon which the water content system response was observed. 1.6 This guide describes the process and objective of the verification of the measurements of a nuclear surface moisture and density gauge. 1.7 This guide describes two mathematical processes by which the gauge measurement precision may be computed or measured. 1.8 This guide offers guidance for developing and reporting estimates of uncertainties in measurements made with gauges that have undergone calibration and verification. 1.9 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guide for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 . 1.10 Units— The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Within the text of this standard, SI units appear first followed by the inch-pound (or other non-SI) units in brackets. 1.10.1 Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this guide. 1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.12 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.13 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Gauge calibration is performed for the following purposes: 5.1.1 When necessary, to compute the calibration constants of a density calibration equation that relates the gauge density system response (the “density count”) to the soil-equivalent density of the standard on which this response is elicited. 5.1.2 When necessary, to compute the calibration constants of a water content calibration equation that relates the gauge water content system response (the “water content count”) to the water mass per unit volume value of the standard on which this response is elicited. 5.1.3 To establish the relationship between the density measured by the gauge to the soil-equivalent density of the standard on which this response is elicited. 5.1.4 To establish the relationship between the water mass per unit volume measured by the gauge to the water mass per unit volume of the standard on which this response is elicited. 5.1.5 To ensure that the gauge has an in-place density gauge precision level that is consistent with typical gauge response. 5.1.6 To ensure that the gauge has an in-place water mass per unit volume gauge precision level that is consistent with typical gauge response. 5.2 Gauge verification is performed for the following purposes: 5.2.1 To indicate to the party or agency performing the verification when the mathematical relationship between the in-place density reading indicated by the gauge and the corresponding gauge density test count needs to be adjusted so that the gauge measurement errors do not exceed the specified absolute maximum measurement error for the calibration method used. 5.2.2 To indicate to the party or agency performing the verification when the mathematical relationship between the water mass per unit volume indicated by the gauge and the corresponding gauge water content test count needs to be adjusted so that the gauge measurement errors do not exceed the specified absolute maximum measurement error for the calibration method used. 5.2.3 Gauge verification and calibration require specialized training and equipment. Gauge calibration and verification are best conducted by those trained in the proper operation of the gauge, the calibration standards, and any tables, charts, graphs, or computer programs required for the proper execution of these operations. Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.