1.1 本规程涵盖了对发电用辅助（非涡轮机）设备中矿物油和磷酸酯流体润滑油进行有效监测的要求。所涵盖的辅助设备包括齿轮、液压系统、柴油发动机、泵、压缩机和电液控制（EHC）系统。它包括采样和测试时间表、建议的行动步骤，以及关于油如何降解的信息。 注1: 有时也会使用其他类型的合成润滑剂，但在本实践中没有提及，因为它们只代表所用流体的一小部分。这些液体的使用者应咨询制造商，以确定推荐的监测方法。 1.2 本规程不包括蒸汽轮机和燃气轮机润滑油的监测。相反，它旨在补充实践 D4378 。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准中不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 这种做法旨在帮助用户，特别是发电厂操作员，保持对矿物润滑油和润滑监测程序的有效控制。此做法可用于根据机油状况和测试结果而不是根据使用时间或日历时间进行机油更换。这是为了节省运营和维护费用。 4.2 这种做法还旨在帮助用户监测矿物润滑油的状况，防止部件过度磨损、油降解或污染，从而最大限度地减少在没有这种油状况监测程序的情况下更可能发生的灾难性机器问题的可能性。 4.3 这种做法不一定参考所有当前的石油测试技术，也不意味着排除使用提供有意义或可趋势测试数据的替代仪器或测试方法，或两者兼而有之。一些机油测试设备和传感器（通常用于筛选将根据标准方法进行测试的机油）提供了与水、颗粒物和其他污染物相关的趋势指标，但不能直接测量这些指标。 4.4 本规程适用于矿物油产品，不适用于合成类型的产品，发电厂控制系统中通常使用的磷酸酯流体除外。

1.1 This practice covers the requirements for the effective monitoring of mineral oil and phosphate ester fluid lubricating oils in service auxiliary (non-turbine) equipment used for power generation. Auxiliary equipment covered includes gears, hydraulic systems, diesel engines, pumps, compressors, and electrohydraulic control (EHC) systems. It includes sampling and testing schedules and recommended action steps, as well as information on how oils degrade. Note 1: Other types of synthetic lubricants are sometimes used but are not addressed in this practice because they represent only a small fraction of the fluids in use. Users of these fluids should consult the manufacturer to determine recommended monitoring practices. 1.2 This practice does not cover the monitoring of lubricating oil for steam and gas turbines. Rather, it is intended to complement Practice D4378 . 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This practice is intended to help users, particularly power plant operators, maintain effective control over their mineral lubricating oils and lubrication monitoring program. This practice may be used to perform oil changes based on oil condition and test results rather than on the basis of service time or calendar time. It is intended to save operating and maintenance expenses. 4.2 This practice is also intended to help users monitor the condition of mineral lubricating oils and guard against excessive component wear, oil degradation, or contamination, thereby minimizing the potential of catastrophic machine problems that are more likely to occur in the absence of such an oil condition monitoring program. 4.3 This practice does not necessarily reference all of the current oil testing technologies and is not meant to preclude the use of alternative instrumentation or test methods that provide meaningful or trendable test data, or both. Some oil testing devices and sensors (typically used for screening oils that will be tested according to standard methods) provide trendable indicators that correlate to water, particulates, and other contaminants but do not directly measure these. 4.4 This practice is intended for mineral oil products, and not for synthetic type of products, with the exception of phosphate esters fluids typically used in power plant control systems.