本文基于ASHRAE研究项目RP-1580的研究结果。需要对2L制冷剂进行全面的风险评估，以评估在固定暖通空调和制冷应用中替代制冷剂的使用情况。本研究使用CFD模拟、浓度映射测试和点火测试来确定HFC-32和HFO-1234yf的哪些泄漏场景可能会导致易燃浓度。我们模拟了17种不同的住宅和轻型商业泄漏场景，并选择了6种不同的场景进行点火测试。模拟和测试表明，密闭空间（如壁橱）最有可能产生易燃物浓度，但百叶门等改造可以极大地降低产生易燃情况的可能性。 我们的CFD模拟还表明，虽然制冷剂的选择在确定是否会发生易燃浓度方面没有很大作用，但制冷剂的选择确实会影响由此产生的点火事件的严重性。未来，这些数据应与额外的现场研究相结合，对暖通空调和制冷设备进行全面的风险评估。引文:ASHRAE交易——第120卷，第一部分，纽约州纽约

This paper is based on findings resulting from ASHRAE Research Project RP-1580.Comprehensive risk assessments of 2L refrigerants are needed to evaluate the use of alternative refrigerants in stationary HVAC and refrigeration applications. This study uses CFD simulations, concentration mapping tests, and ignition tests to determine which leak scenarios for HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf may result in flammable concentrations. We simulated 17 different residential and light commercial leak scenarios, and selected 6 distinct scenarios for ignition testing. The simulations and testing showed that tightly enclosed spaces, such as closets, were the most likely to create flammable concentrations, but modifications, such as louvered doors, can greatly minimize the likelihood of creating flammable scenarios.OurCFDsimulations also showed that while refrigerant selection did not have alarge role in determining whether a flammable concentration would occur, the choice of refrigerant did affect the severity of the resulting ignition event. In the future, the data should be combined with additional field studies to conduct full risk assessments of HVAC and refrigeration equipment.