1.1 本指南涵盖了使用通用声级计在指定位置或沿着特定现场边界测量室外A加权声级。 1.2 描述了三种不同类型的测量调查: 1.2.1 现场边界周围的测量， 1.2.2 在指定位置进行测量， 1.2.3 在距离声源指定距离处进行测量，以找到最大声级。 1.3 使用本指南获得的数据以时间平均声级（缩写TAV和符号L）的形式呈现 在 ，也称为等效声级或等效连续声级，缩写为LEQ，带有符号L AeqT )或A加权百分位水平（符号L 十、 ). 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 有许多情况需要室外声级数据。这些包括但不限于以下内容: 4.1.1 在引入新声源之前记录声级（例如，评估拟议使用的影响）。 4.1.2 比较有无特定声源的声级（例如，评估现有声源的影响）。 4.1.3 将声级与标准或监管限值进行比较（例如，超出标准或不符合法律的指示）。 4.2 本指南提供了选择测量位置、操作声级计、记录测量条件和记录结果的方法。 4.3 本指南为用户提供了以下信息:( 1. )进行并记录必要的声级测量，以量化特定时间段和特定地点相对稳定或缓慢变化的室外声级，以及( 2. )进行并记录必要的物理观察，以确认测量结果。 4.4 用户应注意，有许多非声学因素会强烈影响室外声级的测量，本指南无意取代声学领域专家的经验和判断。当规定了更复杂的测量方法或设备时，本指南不适用。本指南取决于简化的手动数据采集，必然更适用于更简单类型的环境噪声情况。随着声源数量和声级范围的增加，更可能需要经验丰富的专业人员，使用复杂的仪器。 4.5 本指南可供个人、监管机构或其他人用作测量方法，以收集许多常见情况下的声学数据。评估或分析所获得数据的标准超出了本指南的范围。 4.6 请注意，本指南只是一个测量程序，因此不涉及将采集的数据与特定标准进行比较的方法。没有提供用于估计或分离两个或多个同时测量的声音的影响的程序。当测量数据低于规定极限时，本指南有助于确定合规性。 4.7 部分 8.2.1 概述了可用于现场边界测量的程序；段落 8.2.2 测量指定的监测点；和段落 8.2.3 用于确定最大声级的位置和幅度。

1.1 This guide covers the measurement of A-weighted sound levels outdoors at specified locations or along particular site boundaries, using a general purpose sound-level meter. 1.2 Three distinct types of measurement surveys are described: 1.2.1 Survey around a site boundary, 1.2.2 Survey at a specified location, 1.2.3 Survey to find the maximum sound level at a specified distance from a source. 1.3 The data obtained using this guide are presented in the form of either time-average sound levels (abbreviation TAV and symbol L AT , also known as equivalent sound level or equivalent continuous sound level abbreviated LEQ and with symbol L AeqT ) or A-weighted percentile levels (symbol L X ). 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 There are numerous situations for which outdoor sound level data are required. These include, but are not limited to, the following: 4.1.1 Documentation of sound levels before the introduction of a new sound source (for example, assessment of the impact due to a proposed use). 4.1.2 Comparison of sound levels with and without a specific source (for example, assessment of the impact of an existing source). 4.1.3 Comparison of sound levels with criteria or regulatory limits (for example, indication of exceedence of criteria or non-compliance with laws). 4.2 This guide provides a means for selecting measurement locations, operating a sound level meter, documenting the conditions under which the measurements were performed, and recording the results. 4.3 This guide provides the user with information to ( 1 ) make and document the sound level measurements necessary to quantify relatively steady or slowly varying outdoor sound levels over a specific time period and at specific places and ( 2 ) make and document the physical observations necessary to qualify the measurements. 4.4 The user is cautioned that there are many nonacoustical factors that can strongly influence the measurement of outdoor sound levels and that this guide is not intended to supplant the experience and judgment of experts in the field of acoustics. The guide is not applicable when more sophisticated measurement methods or equipment are specified. This guide, depending as it does on simplified manual data acquisition, is necessarily more appropriate for the simpler types of environmental noise situations. As the number of sources and the range of sound levels increase, the more likely experienced specialists with sophisticated instruments are needed. 4.5 This guide can be used by individuals, regulatory agencies, or others as a measurement method to collect acoustical data for many common situations. Criteria for evaluating or analyzing the data obtained are beyond the scope of this guide. 4.6 Note that this guide is only a measurement procedure and, as such, does not address the methods of comparison of the acquired data with the specific criteria. No procedures are provided for estimating or separating the influences of two or more simultaneously measured sounds. This guide can be useful in establishing compliance when the measured data are below a specified limit. 4.7 Section 8.2.1 outlines a procedure that can be used for a survey of the site boundary; paragraph 8.2.2 for a survey of specified monitoring points; and paragraph 8.2.3 for determining the location and magnitude of maximum sound level.