1.1 本试验方法提供了一种现场程序，用于确定安装的外部门窗的漏气率。 1.2 本试验方法适用于外部门窗，旨在仅测量与组件相关的泄漏，而不是通过组件和相邻结构之间的开口进行的泄漏。如果可以识别、控制或消除空气运动的潜在路径以及渗透和渗出源，则可以将试验方法用于后一目的。 1.3 本试验方法试图创造和给定一组自然环境条件。由于其设计和使用，试验方法或试验装置极有可能导致在自然环境暴露下不会发生的漏气。 1.4 本试验方法旨在对安装的外部窗户或门进行现场试验。对门窗产品的实验室测试感兴趣的人员应参考测试方法 E283年 . 1.5 使用本程序的人员应熟悉流体力学和仪器实践领域，并对开窗产品和组件有总体了解。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是英寸-磅单位的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的预防说明，请参阅第节 7. . 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本试验方法是一种标准程序，用于在规定的静态气压差下确定安装的外部门窗的漏气特性。 注1: 作用在建筑围护结构上的气压差变化很大。文献中讨论了影响气压差的因素以及由此产生的空气泄漏对建筑物内环境的影响。 3. , 4. , 5. 在规定要使用的试验压差时，应充分考虑这些因素。 5.2 空气泄漏率有时用于比较目的。除非被测试和比较的组件具有基本相同的尺寸、配置和设计，否则此类比较可能无效。 5.3 实验室测定的基本相同窗户或门的漏气率（试验方法 E283年 )根据本试验方法现场测量，有时用于比较目的。由于数据不足，实验室和现场测试结果之间的相关性，以及在用产品的实际性能和对这些测试的响应之间的相关性尚未建立。 5.4 根据本试验方法确定的漏气率可能受到以下因素的影响: 试样的年龄或物理条件；安装的类型或质量；在连接试验装置和确定外部泄漏时应小心；以及试样暴露在试验方法施加以外的实际条件下，即温度、相对湿度、风冲击等。必须考虑试样的正确选择、适当试验技术的选择（当在本试验方法中进行选择时），以及正确使用和解释从该测试中获得的结果，以尽量减少这些条件的影响。 5.5 根据本试验方法确定的漏气率可能包括正常操作和暴露期间不会发生的漏气，或不会导致结构整体漏气的漏气。 空气可供应至墙体空腔或相邻结构或从中排出，或以正常操作或暴露期间未经历的方式绕过内部或外部装饰或部件。必须注意防止发生此类泄漏，或者必须考虑在试验期间可能发生此类泄漏。 5.6 本试验方法仅解决通过试样高压面漏气的问题。相邻墙体空腔通过窗框的窗台、顶部和侧柱的漏气被视为无关漏气，因此，不属于测量样本漏气的一部分。如果框架未密封以防止空气从相邻墙体空腔渗透，则通过试样周边框架的此类外来空气泄漏可能是进入或流出建筑物的重要空气泄漏源。

1.1 This test method provides a field procedure for determining the air leakage rates of installed exterior windows and doors. 1.2 This test method is applicable to exterior windows and doors and is intended to measure only such leakage associated with the assembly and not the leakage through openings between the assemblies and adjacent construction. The test method can be adapted for the latter purpose, provided the potential paths of air movement and the sources of infiltration and exfiltration can be identified, controlled, or eliminated. 1.3 This test method attempts to create and given set of natural environmental conditions. There is a strong possibility that the test method or the test apparatus may, by virtue of their design and use, induce air leakage that does not occur under natural environmental exposure. 1.4 This test method is intended for the field testing of installed exterior windows or doors. Persons interested in laboratory testing of fenestration products should reference Test Method E283 . 1.5 Persons using this procedure should be knowledgeable in the area of fluid mechanics and instrumentation practices, and shall have a general understanding of fenestration products and components. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7 . 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the air leakage characteristics of installed exterior windows and doors under specified static air pressure differences. Note 1: The air pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. The factors affecting air pressure differences and the implications of the resulting air leakage relative to the environment within buildings are discussed in the literature. 3 , 4 , 5 These factors should be fully considered in specifying the test pressure differences to be used. 5.2 Rates of air leakage are sometimes used for comparison purposes. Such comparisons may not be valid unless the components being tested and compared are of essentially the same size, configuration, and design. 5.3 Rates of air leakage of essentially identical windows or doors, as determined in the laboratory (Test Method E283 ) and as measured in the field by this test method, have sometimes been used for comparison purposes. The correlation between the laboratory and field test results, and the correlation between actual performance of in-service products and the response to these tests has not been established because of insufficient data. 5.4 Rates of air leakage, as determined by this test method may be affected by: the age or physical condition of the test specimen; the type or quality of installation; the care exercised in the attachment of the test apparatus and the determination of extraneous leakage; and the actual conditions to which the test specimen is exposed beyond those imposed by the test method, that is temperature, relative humidity, wind impingement, etc. Consideration must be given to the proper selection of test specimens, the choice of appropriate test technique (when a choice is given within this test method), and the proper use and interpretation of the results obtained from this test to minimize the effect of these conditions. 5.5 Rates of air leakage, as determined by this test method may include air leakage that does not occur during normal operation and exposure, or that does not contribute to the overall air leakage for the structure. Air may be supplied to or exhausted from wall cavities or adjacent construction, or may bypass interior or exterior trim or components in a manner not experienced during normal operation or exposure. Care must be taken to prevent such leakage from occurring, or consideration must be given that such leakage may have occurred during the test. 5.6 This test method addresses the issue of air leakage through the high pressure face of the test specimen only. Air leakage from the adjacent wall cavity through sill, head, and jambs of the window frame is considered extraneous air leakage and, therefore, not a component of the measured specimen air leakage. Such extraneous air leakage through the perimeter frame of the test specimen can be a significant source of air leakage into, or out of, the building if the frame is not sealed against air infiltration from the adjacent wall cavity.