寒冷天气下，室外空气温度为节能提供了机会。使用较低的冷却塔供水温度、较高的冷冻水供水温度、建筑系统的节能器空气循环和自由冷却是使用的一些方法。所有这些方法都被用于冷却大型综合研究实验室、计算机室和办公楼，但在过去16年中，尤其是自由冷却。当外部湿球温度降至45华氏度（7摄氏度）时，使用自由冷却。 2摄氏度）或以下，允许关闭压缩机。热虹吸管和板式换热器（PHE）系统在不到2年的时间里节省了足够的压缩机电力来支付安装费用。为了最大限度地延长自由冷却运行时间，允许冷冻水供应温度变化，但这在控制各种建筑系统的温度和湿度方面造成了问题。在自由冷却所需的冷却塔水温低于正常温度时，冷却塔中会结冰，这会影响冷却塔的运行并增加维护成本。 最近，人们决定全年供应45华氏度（7.2摄氏度）的冷冻水，并且不允许温度变化，但这降低了免费冷却的潜在节约。回顾了运行经验，并介绍了在寒冷天气运行期间使用冷却塔水降低中央冷冻水系统运行成本的一些优点和缺点。关键词:冬季、冷却塔、运行、节能、湿球温度、热虹吸、平板热交换器、冷却、冷冻水供应、温度、湿度、成本、性能、维护、免费冷却。 引用:研讨会，ASHRAE Trans。1994年，第100卷，第一部分

During cold weather, the outside air temperature provides opportunities for saving energy. Using a lower-cooling tower water supply temperature, a higher chilled-water supply temperature, a building system's economiser air cycle, and free cooling are some of the methods used. All of these methods have been used to cool a large complex of research laboratories, computer rooms, and office buildings, but free cooling in particular has been used for the past 16 years. Free cooling has been used whenever the outside wet-bulb temperature dropped to 45 deg F (7.2 deg C) or below, allowing the compressor to be shut down. Thermosiphon and plate heat exchanger (PHE) systems have saved enough compressor electric power to pay for the installation costs in less than 2 years. To maximise the hours of free-cooling operation, the chilled-water supply temperature has been allowed to vary, but this has caused problems in controlling temperature and humidity for the various building systems. At the lower-than-normal cooling tower water temperatures required for free cooling, ice forms in the cooling tower, which affects tower operation and increases maintenance costs. Recently, it was decided that 45 deg F (7.2 deg C) chilled water should be supplied year-round and the temperature not be allowed to vary, but this has reduced the potential savings from free cooling. Reviews operating experience and presents some advantages and disadvantages of using cold cooling tower water to reduce the operating costs of a central chilled-water system during cold weather operation.KEYWORDS: winter, cooling towers, operations, energy conservation, wet bulb temperature, thermosiphon, flat plate heat exchangers, cooling, chilled water supply, temperature, humidity, costs, performance, maintenance, free cooling.