基于国家实验室的动态保护热箱试验，分析了隔热混凝土模板（ICF）系统的动态热性能。使用有限差分计算机代码HEATING 7.2，针对动态变化的边界条件，对相同的墙体结构进行建模。通过将模型热流预测值与暴露在动态边界条件下的8 ft×8 ft ICF透明试验壁的热箱测量热流进行比较，对模型进行了热质量验证。 试验结果与计算机模拟结果吻合良好。使用有限差分计算机建模计算了一系列响应系数、热容和R值。他们能够计算墙体结构系数，并估算简化的一维“热等效墙体”配置。热等效壁具有简单的多层结构，并具有与标称壁相同的热特性。其动态热行为与ICF试验壁相同。 描述等效墙体的热和物理特性可用于整栋建筑的一维能量模拟程序，每小时计算一次。等效墙理论的使用提供了一种直接的联系，从动态热箱试验到建筑物的精确建模，这些建筑物的墙中包含大量的三维热流。为ICF系统生成的等效墙被用于整个建筑物的计算机模型中，以模拟单个建筑物- 在六种具有代表性的美国气候中的家庭住宅。将装有大型ICF的住宅的空间热负荷和冷负荷与装有轻质木框架外墙的相同建筑进行了比较。模拟了九个R值为2.3-29.0（h×ft2×F/Btu）的轻质木框架墙。这些建筑模拟产生的热负荷和冷负荷被用于估算传统木框架结构中产生与ICF系统相同负荷所需的R值。 由此产生的R值被认为是ICF的有效R值，这不仅说明了稳态R值，还说明了固有的热质量效益。ICF的“有效R值”是通过比较ICF和轻型木框架墙的热性能而获得的，它们只应被理解为对以下问题的回答:“一个具有木框架墙的相同房屋需要多少R值才能获得与特定ICF相同的空间热负荷和冷负荷？”ICF系统的第二个主要优点是气密性。 本文还分析了与木框架结构相比，ICF房屋无控制渗透减少20%的影响。对七座ICF房屋进行的风机门测试支持了20%的减少，测量的泄漏面积按建筑面积划分为0.0004。单位:双引证:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，1998年，第104卷，第2部分，多伦多

The dynamic thermal performance of an insulated concrete form (ICF) system was analyzed based on a dynamic guarded hot box test at a national laboratory. The same wall configuration was modeled for dynamically changing boundary conditions using the finite difference computer code HEATING 7.2. Thermal mass validation of the model was made by comparing model heat flow predictions to the hot box measured heat flow through an 8 ft by 8 ft ICF clear test wall exposed to dynamic boundary conditions. Good agreement was found between test and computer modeling results.A series of response factors, heat capacity, and R-values were computed using finite difference computer modeling. They enabled a calculation of the wall structure factors and estimation of the simplified one-dimensional "thermally equivalent wall" configuration. A thermally equivalent wall has a simple multilayer structure and the same thermal properties as a nominal wall. Its dynamic thermal behavior is identical to the ICF test wall. The thermal and physical properties describing the equivalent wall can be used in whole building one-dimensional energy simulation programs with hourly time steps. The usage of the equivalent wall theory provides a direct linkage from dynamic hot box test to accurate modeling of buildings with walls that contain considerable three-dimensional heat flow within the structure.The equivalent wall generated for the ICF system was used in a whole building computer model to simulate a single-family residence in six representative U.S. climates. The space heating and cooling loads from the residence with massive ICF were compared to an identical building simulated with lightweight wood- frame exterior walls. Nine lightweight wood- frame walls with R-values from 2.3 - 29.0 (h×ft2×°F/Btu) were simulated. The heating and cooling loads generated from these building simulations were used to estimate the R-value that would be needed in conventional wood- frame construction to produce the same loads as the ICF system. The resulting R-value is considered an effective R-value for the ICFs, which not only accounts for the steady-state R-value but also the inherent thermal mass benefit. "Effective R-values" for the ICF were obtained by comparison of the thermal performance of the ICF and lightweight wood- frame walls, and they should be understood only as an answer to the question, "what R-value would an identical house with wood-frame walls need to obtain the same space heating and cooling loads as a specific ICF?"A second major benefit of this ICF system is the airtightness. This paper also analyzes the impact of a 20% reduction in uncontrolled infiltration for the ICF house compared to the wood-frame structure. The 20% reduction is supported by blower door tests on seven ICF houses with a measured 0.0004 leakage area dived by floor area.Units: Dual