1.1 本指南介绍了选择和实施地下水监测井维护和修复计划的方法。它提供了有关问题或不足症状的信息，表明需要进行维护和康复。它仅限于监测井，其设计和操作旨在提供对饱和地下水力特性的访问、代表性水样和信息，同时最大限度地减少对监测区的影响。 本文所述的一些方法可以应用于其他类型的井，尽管适用于监测井的维护和修复处理方法的范围比适用于其他类型井的范围更受限制。监测井包括相关的泵和地面设备。 1.2 本指南受政府法规以及现场特定地质、水文地质、地球化学、气候和生物条件的影响。 1.3 单位-- 括号中以英寸磅单位或国际单位表示的数值应单独视为标准。 每个系统中规定的值可能不是完全相等的；因此，每个系统应独立使用。将两个系统的值合并可能导致不符合标准。 1.4 除非被本标准取代，否则所有观测值和计算值均应符合规程D 6026中制定的有效数字和舍入指南。 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本指南提供了有组织的信息收集或一系列选项，不建议采取具体行动。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断结合使用。并非本指南的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准并不代表或取代必须判断给定专业服务是否充分的护理标准，也不应在不考虑项目许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。 本文件标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序批准。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 操作任何工程系统的过程，如监测井，包括积极维护，以防止、减轻或逆转恶化。 缺乏或维护不当可能导致井性能缺陷（物理问题）或样品质量下降（化学问题）。这些问题是监测井的固有问题，这些井通常长时间闲置（长达一年），安装在非含水层材料中，并用于评估可能导致局部异常水文地球化学条件的污染。供水、排水、补给和其他井的所有者和运营商将采用的这些物理和化学问题的典型解决方案可能不适合监测井，因为需要将其对安装监测井进行评估的条件的影响降至最低。 4.2 本指南涵盖了操作和程序，但不是油井维护的百科全书式指南。油井维护计划和执行具有高度的现场性和针对性。 4.3 维护和康复计划的设计以及康复需求的确定应基于客观的观察和测试，并由在油井维护和康复方面有知识和经验的个人进行。鼓励本指南的用户查阅所提供的参考资料。 4. 4. 有关更多信息，请参阅测试方法 D4412 , D5472/D5472米 , D7726 和指南 D4448 , D5254/D5254米 , D5521/D5521M , D5409/D5409米 , D5410 和 D5474 . 注1: 本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常被认为能够胜任和客观的测试/取样/检查等。本标准的使用者应注意遵守实践 D3740 其本身不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践 D3740 提供了评估其中一些因素的方法。 实践 D3740 是为从事土壤和岩石测试和/或检查的机构开发的。因此，它并不完全适用于执行这种做法的机构。然而，该实践的使用者应认识到，实践的框架 D3740 适用于评估执行此做法的机构的质量。 目前还没有已知的合格的国家当局来检查执行这种做法的机构。

1.1 This guide covers an approach to selecting and implementing a well maintenance and rehabilitation program for groundwater monitoring wells. It provides information on symptoms of problems or deficiencies that indicate the need for maintenance and rehabilitation. It is limited to monitoring wells, that are designed and operated to provide access to, representative water samples from, and information about the hydraulic properties of the saturated subsurface while minimizing impact on the monitored zone. Some methods described herein may apply to other types of wells although the range of maintenance and rehabilitation treatment methods suitable for monitoring wells is more restricted than for other types of wells. Monitoring wells include their associated pumps and surface equipment. 1.2 This guide is affected by governmental regulations and by site specific geological, hydrogeological, geochemical, climatological, and biological conditions. 1.3 Units— The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units presented in brackets are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 , unless superseded by this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The process of operating any engineered system, such as monitoring wells, includes active maintenance to prevent, mitigate, or reverse deterioration. Lack of or improper maintenance can lead to well performance deficiencies (physical problems) or sample quality degradation (chemical problems). These problems are intrinsic to monitoring wells, which are often left idle for long periods of time (as long as a year), installed in non-aquifer materials, and installed to evaluate contamination that can cause locally anomalous hydrogeochemical conditions. The typical solutions for these physical and chemical problems that would be applied by owners and operators of water supply, dewatering, recharge, and other wells may not be appropriate for monitoring wells because of the need to minimize their impact on the conditions that monitoring wells were installed to evaluate. 4.2 This guide covers actions and procedures, but is not an encyclopedic guide to well maintenance. Well maintenance planning and execution is highly site and well specific. 4.3 The design of maintenance and rehabilitation programs and the identification of the need for rehabilitation should be based on objective observation and testing, and by individuals knowledgeable and experienced in well maintenance and rehabilitation. Users of this guide are encouraged to consult the references provided. 4.4 For additional information see Test Methods D4412 , D5472/D5472M , D7726 and Guides D4448 , D5254/D5254M , D5521/D5521M , D5409/D5409M , D5410 and D5474 . Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. Practice D3740 was developed for agencies engaged in the testing and/or inspection of soils and rock. As such, it is not totally applicable to agencies performing this practice. However, user of this practice should recognize that the framework of Practice D3740 is appropriate for evaluating the quality of an agency performing this practice. Currently there is no known qualifying national authority that inspects agencies that perform this practice.