1.1 本规程提供了测量X射线和伽马射线射线透视系统性能的测试和测量细节。放射检查的应用多种多样。因此，随着技术的进步，系统配置也会多样化并不断变化。 1.2 本规程旨在通过确定在静态模式下运行时的性能水平，对特定应用的射线透视系统进行初始鉴定和重新鉴定。系统架构（包括射线透视检查记录存档方法和作出接受/拒绝决策的方法）也是独特的系统功能，必须评估其对系统性能的影响。 1.3 如本规程所述，一般原则广泛适用于透射波束穿透辐射射线照相系统。其他射线透视系统，例如使用中子和康普顿背散射X射线成像技术的系统，不包括在内，因为它们可能涉及此类系统特有的设备和应用细节。 1.4 本规程的用户应注意，高于320keV的能量可能需要不同于本规程中描述的方法。 1.5 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 与传统射线照相术一样，射线透视检查广泛适用于许多可能被X射线或γ射线穿透的材料和物体结构。由于组件选择、物理布置和对象变量，射线透视系统之间的架构和性能存在高度差异，因此有必要确定所选射线透视系统在特定应用中能够实现的性能水平。 射线透视系统的制造商和用户需要一个共同的基础来确定射线透视系统的性能水平。 5.2 本规程无意提供一种方法来测量根据各种行业标准制造的单个射线透视系统组件的性能。本规程涵盖当作为功能性射线透视系统一起操作时，射线透视系统元件的综合性能测量。 5.3 本规程仅涉及静态模式下射线透视系统的性能。放射检查也可以是一种动态、实时或近实时检查技术，可以进行测试- 在射线检查过程中，零件运动以及参数变化。本规程的使用并不是为了限制放射检查动态特性的使用。Radiocopy用户应注意，Radiocopy的动态方面可能对系统性能产生有利和不利影响，必须根据具体情况进行评估。 5.4 该鉴定程序旨在对选定操作条件下的射线透视系统性能进行基准测试，以提供系统性能的测量。鉴定不应限制在其他射线检查参数设置下射线检查系统的操作，这可能会提高实际检查对象的性能。 5.5 根据本规程测量的射线透视系统性能不能保证在实际操作中可能实现的性能水平。标准化检查无法可靠预测物体几何形状和方向产生的散射辐射的影响。随着时间的推移，所有射线透视系统都会老化并性能下降。维护和操作员调整如果不正确，可能会对射线透视系统的性能产生不利影响。 5.6 在本实践中，不考虑手动和半自动射线检测系统中射线检测系统操作员的性能，并且可能对射线检测系统性能产生重大影响。 操作员资格是系统操作的一个重要方面，应包含在单独的书面程序中。

1.1 This practice provides test and measurement details for measuring the performance of X-ray and gamma ray radioscopic systems. Radioscopic examination applications are diverse. Therefore, system configurations are also diverse and constantly changing as the technology advances. 1.2 This practice is intended as a means of initially qualifying and re-qualifying a radioscopic system for a specified application by determining its performance level when operated in a static mode. System architecture including the means of radioscopic examination record archiving and the method for making the accept/reject decision are also unique system features and their effect upon system performance must be evaluated. 1.3 The general principles, as stated in this practice, apply broadly to transmitted-beam penetrating radiation radioscopy systems. Other radioscopic systems, such as those employing neutrons and Compton back-scattered X-ray imaging techniques, are not covered as they may involve equipment and application details unique to such systems. 1.4 The user of this practice shall note that energies higher than 320keV may require different methods than those described within this practice. 1.5 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 As with conventional radiography, radioscopic examination is broadly applicable to the many materials and object configurations which may be penetrated with X-rays or gamma rays. The high degree of variation in architecture and performance among radioscopic systems due to component selection, physical arrangement, and object variables makes it necessary to establish the level of performance that the selected radioscopic system is capable of achieving in specific applications. The manufacturer of the radioscopic system, as well as the user, require a common basis for determining the performance level of the radioscopic system. 5.2 This practice does not purport to provide a method to measure the performance of individual radioscopic system components that are manufactured according to a variety of industry standards. This practice covers measurement of the combined performance of the radioscopic system elements when operated together as a functional radioscopic system. 5.3 This practice addresses the performance of radioscopic systems in the static mode only. Radioscopy can also be a dynamic, real-time or near real-time examination technique that can allow test-part motion as well as parameter changes during the radioscopic examination process. The use of this practice is not intended to be limiting concerning the use of the dynamic properties of radioscopy. Users of radioscopy are cautioned that the dynamic aspects of radioscopy can have beneficial as well as detrimental effects upon system performance and must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. 5.4 This qualification procedure is intended to benchmark radioscopic system performance under selected operating conditions to provide a measure of system performance. Qualification shall not restrict operation of the radioscopic system at other radioscopic examination parameter settings, which may provide improved performance on actual examination objects. 5.5 Radioscopic system performance measured pursuant to this practice does not guarantee the level of performance which may be realized in actual operation. The effects of object-geometry and orientation-generated scattered radiation cannot be reliably predicted by a standardized examination. All radioscopic systems age and degrade in performance as a function of time. Maintenance and operator adjustments, if not correctly made, can adversely affect the performance of radioscopic systems. 5.6 The performance of the radioscopic system operator in manual and semi-automatic radioscopic systems is not taken into account in this practice and can have a major effect upon radioscopic system performance. Operator qualifications are an important aspect of system operation and should be covered in a separate written procedure.