1.1 本试验方法描述了一种系统的手动点计数程序，用于通过点网格从微观结构截面统计估算可识别成分或相的体积分数。 1.2 实践中描述了使用自动图像分析来确定成分的体积分数 E1245 . 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 该测试方法基于体视学原理，即当系统地将具有多个规则排列点的网格放置在通过微观结构的二维截面的图像上时，在不同场上放置代表性数量的位置后，可以对可识别成分或相的体积分数进行无偏统计估计 ( 1. , 2. , 3. ). 3. 5.2 已经描述了该试验方法 ( 4. ) 在努力、偏差和简单性方面优于其他手动方法。 5.3 可以使用该方法计算微观结构（或宏观结构）中任何数量的可清晰区分的成分或相。因此，该方法可以应用于任何类型的固体材料，从中可以制备和观察足够的二维截面。 5.4 中给出了使用该方法的简明分步指南 附件A1 .

1.1 This test method describes a systematic manual point counting procedure for statistically estimating the volume fraction of an identifiable constituent or phase from sections through the microstructure by means of a point grid. 1.2 The use of automatic image analysis to determine the volume fraction of constituents is described in Practice E1245 . 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is based upon the stereological principle that a grid with a number of regularly arrayed points, when systematically placed over an image of a two-dimensional section through the microstructure, can provide, after a representative number of placements on different fields, an unbiased statistical estimation of the volume fraction of an identifiable constituent or phase ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). 3 5.2 This test method has been described ( 4 ) as being superior to other manual methods with regard to effort, bias, and simplicity. 5.3 Any number of clearly distinguishable constituents or phases within a microstructure (or macrostructure) can be counted using the method. Thus, the method can be applied to any type of solid material from which adequate two-dimensional sections can be prepared and observed. 5.4 A condensed step-by-step guide for using the method is given in Annex A1 .