1.1 本试验方法包括初始沸点大于150的重质烃混合物的蒸馏程序 °C（300 °F），如重质原油、石油馏分、残留物和合成混合物。它采用了一个带低压降夹带分离器的釜式蒸馏器，在完全起飞条件下运行。规定了蒸馏条件和设备性能标准，并举例说明了典型的设备。 1.2 本试验方法详细说明了在瓦斯油和润滑油范围内生产标准质量馏分以及生产标准残留物的程序。 此外，它还提供了通过常规蒸馏可能达到最高大气当量温度的标准蒸馏曲线的确定。 1.3 可达到的最大大气等效温度（AET）取决于装药的耐热性。对于大多数样品，温度高达565 °C（1050 °F）。对于热敏样品（例如，重残留物），这一最大值将明显较低，而对于非热敏样品，这一值可能略高。 1.4 切点400以下原油的推荐蒸馏方法 °C（752 °F）AET是试验方法 D2892 该试验方法可用于初始沸点大于150的重质原油 °C（302 °F）。然而，通过这些方法获得的蒸馏曲线和馏分质量是不可比较的。 1.5 本试验方法包含以下附件: 1.5.1 附件A1 -- 温度响应时间测定的试验方法， 1.5.2 附件A2 -- 传感器校准实施规程， 1.5.3 附件A3 -- 油的湿样品脱水的试验方法， 1.5.4 附件A4 -- 将观测到的蒸汽温度转换为大气等效温度（AET）的实施规程，以及 1.5.5 附件A5 -- 润湿性测定的试验方法。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。SI单位后括号中给出的值仅供参考，不视为标准值。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体警告，请参阅 6.5.4.2 ， 6.5.6.3 ， 6.9.3 ， 9.5 ， 9.7 和 A2.3.1.3 。 1.8 警告 --汞已被许多监管机构指定为一种可能导致严重医疗问题的危险物质。汞或其蒸汽已被证明对健康有害，对材料具有腐蚀性。处理汞和含汞产品时要小心。有关更多信息，请参阅适用的产品安全数据表（SDS）。当地或国家法律有可能禁止销售含汞或含汞产品，或两者兼有。用户必须确定在其所在地销售的合法性。 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 5.1 该试验方法是对重质碳氢化合物混合物进行的一系列试验之一，旨在为炼油厂或采购商表征这些材料。它提供了对不同沸点范围的馏分的产率的估计。 5.2 通过该测试方法制成的级分可以单独使用，也可以与其他级分组合使用，以生产用于分析研究和质量评估的样品。 5.3 也可以制造用于制造沥青的残留物，但可能并不总是合适的。在这种测试方法中发生的长时间热浸泡可能会改变一些性能。 注1: 虽然用残留物对蒸馏物进行再借贷的做法可以产生较轻的残留物，但不建议这样做，因为它会产生具有不规则性质的混合物。 5.4 测试开始前，双方必须就切割点的细节达成一致。 5.5 这是一个复杂的过程，涉及许多相互作用的变量。最重要的是，在首次使用新设备时，应按照 附件A1 和 附件A2 并验证蒸汽温度传感器的位置，如 6.5.3 和 图1 。

1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points greater than 150 °C (300 °F), such as heavy crude oils, petroleum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It employs a potstill with a low pressure drop entrainment separator operated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions and equipment performance criteria are specified and typical apparatus is illustrated. 1.2 This test method details the procedures for the production of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil and lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of standard distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equivalent temperature possible by conventional distillation. 1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the charge. For most samples, a temperature up to 565 °C (1050 °F) can be attained. This maximum will be significantly lower for heat sensitive samples (for example, heavy residues) and might be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples. 1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up to cutpoint 400 °C (752 °F) AET is Test Method D2892 . This test method can be used for heavy crude oils with initial boiling points greater than 150 °C (302 °F). However, distillation curves and fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not comparable. 1.5 This test method contains the following annexes: 1.5.1 Annex A1 — Test Method for Determination of Temperature Response Time, 1.5.2 Annex A2 — Practice for Calibration of Sensors, 1.5.3 Annex A3 — Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet Sample of Oil, 1.5.4 Annex A4 — Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET), and 1.5.5 Annex A5 — Test Method for Determination of Wettage. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see 6.5.4.2 , 6.5.6.3 , 6.9.3 , 9.5 , 9.7 , and A2.3.1.3 . 1.8 WARNING —Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on heavy hydrocarbon mixtures to characterize these materials for a refiner or a purchaser. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges. 5.2 The fractions made by this test method can be used alone or in combination with other fractions to produce samples for analytical studies and quality evaluations. 5.3 Residues to be used in the manufacture of asphalt can also be made but may not always be suitable. The long heat soaking that occurs in this test method may alter some of the properties. Note 1: While the practice of reblending distillates with residue can be done to produce a lighter residue, it is not recommended because it produces blends with irregular properties. 5.4 Details of cutpoints must be mutually agreed upon before the test begins. 5.5 This is a complex procedure involving many interacting variables. It is most important that at the time of first use of a new apparatus, its components be checked as detailed in Annex A1 and Annex A2 and that the location of the vapor temperature sensor be verified as detailed in 6.5.3 and Fig. 1 .