1.1 本指南涵盖了切片、清洁、安装、研磨和抛光的建议，以揭示热喷涂涂层（TSC）的微观结构特征及其在显微镜下检查时应用的基材。由于可用设备的多样性，涂层和基材组合的多样性，以及这些试样对制备技术的敏感性，存在一系列推荐的热喷涂涂层试样金相制备方法是有益的。遵守本指南将为从业者提供一致且可重复的结果。 有关金相制备标准实践的更多信息，请参阅指南 E3 . 1.2 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.3 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 TSC用于许多关键工业部件。TSC可以预期包含可测量的孔隙度和线性剥离水平。准确、一致地评估试样对于确保涂层的完整性和与基材的正确粘附至关重要。 4.1.1 示例1: 通过使用不合适的金相方法，给定试样显示的孔隙度和线性剥离的表观量可能会因边缘过度圆化而增加，或因将材料涂抹到孔隙中而减少。因此，即使测量技术的精度可以接受，也会报告不准确的孔隙度和线性剥离水平。 4.1.2 示例2: 不一致的金相制备方法可能会导致孔隙的表观数量变化过大，表明热喷涂过程控制不当，而使用一致的实践将定期显示真实的微观结构，并验证热喷涂过程的一致性。 4.2 在TSC程序的开发过程中，需要金相信息来验证特定应用的有效性。 4.3 横截面通常垂直于试样的长轴，并准备好以揭示有关以下方面的信息: 4.3.1 从表面到基材的结构变化， 4.3.2 未熔化颗粒在整个涂层中的分布， 4.3.3 整个涂层的线性剥离分布， 4.3.4 整个涂层的孔隙率分布， 4.3.5 涂层内是否存在污染， 4.3.6 涂层厚度（面漆和粘结层，如适用）， 4.3.7 界面污染的存在， 4.3.8 涂层和基材之间界面的完整性，以及， 4.3.9 涂层微观结构在化学方面的完整性。

1.1 This guide covers recommendations for sectioning, cleaning, mounting, grinding, and polishing to reveal the microstructural features of thermal sprayed coatings (TSCs) and the substrates to which they are applied when examined microscopically. Because of the diversity of available equipment, the wide variety of coating and substrate combinations, and the sensitivity of these specimens to preparation technique, the existence of a series of recommended methods for metallographic preparation of thermal sprayed coating specimens is helpful. Adherence to this guide will provide practitioners with consistent and reproducible results. Additional information concerning standard practices for metallographic preparation can be found in Guide E3 . 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 TSCs are used in a number of critical industrial components. TSCs can be expected to contain measurable levels of porosity and linear detachment. Accurate and consistent evaluation of specimens is essential to ensure the integrity of the coating and proper adherence to the substrate. 4.1.1 Example 1: By use of inappropriate metallographic methods, the apparent amount of porosity and linear detachment displayed by a given specimen can be increased, by excessive edge rounding, or decreased by smearing of material into voids. Therefore inaccurate levels of porosity and linear detachment will be reported even when the accuracy of the measurement technique is acceptable. 4.1.2 Example 2: Inconsistent metallographic preparation methods can cause the apparent amount of voids to vary excessively indicating a poorly controlled thermal spray process, while the use of consistent practice will regularly display the true microstructure and verify the consistency of the thermal spray process. 4.2 During the development of TSC procedures, metallographic information is necessary to validate the efficacy of a specific application. 4.3 Cross sections are usually taken perpendicular to the long axis of the specimen and prepared to reveal information concerning the following: 4.3.1 Variations in structure from surface to substrate, 4.3.2 The distribution of unmelted particles throughout the coating, 4.3.3 The distribution of linear detachment throughout the coating, 4.3.4 The distribution of porosity throughout the coating, 4.3.5 The presence of contamination within the coating, 4.3.6 The thickness of the coating (top coat and bond coat, where applicable), 4.3.7 The presence of interfacial contamination, 4.3.8 The integrity of the interface between the coating and substrate, and, 4.3.9 The integrity of the coating microstructure with respect to chemistry.