首页 馆藏资源 舆情信息 标准服务 科研活动 关于我们
现行 AWWA SOURCES59223
到馆提醒
收藏跟踪
购买正版
Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Water Conservation Program in Albuquerque, New Mexico 新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基市的工业、商业和机构节水项目
发布日期: 2004-01-11
阿尔伯克基市制定了一项全面的水资源保护计划,目标是: 到2014年,人均日消费量减少40%。自1994年以来,阿尔伯克基已经降低了人均收入 人均用水量超过26%。向用水者提供的项目之一是公共教育 以免费审计的形式。住宅和工业/商业/机构(ICI)审计均为 假如本文的目的是总结ICI审计计划并报告 关于六组ICI设施潜在节约的调查结果。 审计人员访问ICI设施,以评估用水模式,并清点用水装置和设备 设备审计包括室内用水和室外用水的综合评估。 然后,对设施考察的用水数据进行汇编,并用于建立水平衡。 水 平衡是将实地考察得出的用水量估算值与计量用水量进行比较。此外 作为水平衡的一部分,水的使用按类别进行细分(例如卫生间使用、厨房使用、, 灌溉)。水平衡是在该区域建立潜在节水目标的基础 设施根据水平衡,确定水资源保护措施,并确定潜在水资源 储蓄是经过计算的。 在ICI审计计划的五年中,已完成165项ICI审计。来自72个ICI的数据 对新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基的设施进行了汇编,并分析了水资源保护机会的趋势 已确认。通过更换厕所和小便器以及 减少景观用水。具有高用水量厕所的设施通常可以 节省30%或更多。即使是1992年之后建造的设施,也可以通过减少成本节省20% 浪费的灌溉。 我们发现,大多数ICI设施都对节水和帮助阿尔伯克基市感兴趣 实现其保护目标。然而,通常情况下,他们很难找到资金来解决问题 落实节水措施。审计报告中给出的信息有助于设施 管理者为变更和升级提供理由和预算。节约用水的回报 改进的时间从不到一年到大约10年不等。作为审计的一部分,全面的 向该设施提交报告,并附上图表,详细说明按类别划分的用水情况,以及潜在的 通过改变或改变固定装置或实践减少,以及每个项目的预计投资回收期 基于水和下水道商品成本的建议措施。包括4个参考文献、表格、图表和附录。
The City of Albuquerque has in place a comprehensive water conservation program with the goal of reducing per capita daily consumption 40 percent by 2014. Since 1994, Albuquerque has reduced its per capita water use by over 26 percent. One of the programs offered to water customers is public education in the form of free audits. Both Residential and Industrial/Commercial/Institutional (ICI) audits are provided. The purpose of this paper is to present a summary of the ICI audit program and to report findings on potential savings in six groups of ICI facilities. The ICI facility is visited by an auditor to assess water use patterns and to inventory water-using fixtures and equipment. The audit includes a comprehensive evaluation of indoor water use and outdoor water use. Water use data from the facility visit is then compiled and used to develop a water balance. The water balance is a comparison of a water use estimate from the field visit to metered water use. In addition, as part of the water balance, water use is broken down by category (e.g. restroom use, kitchen use, irrigation). The water balance is the basis for establishing potential water conservation goals at the facility. Following the water balance, water conservation measures are identified and potential water savings are calculated. In the five years of the ICI audit program, 165 ICI audits have been completed. Data from 72 ICI facilities in Albuquerque, NM, were compiled and trends in water conservation opportunities were identified. Most of the potential water savings can be found by replacing toilets and urinals and by reducing the amount of water applied to the landscape. Facilities with high water use toilets can typically save 30 percent or more. Even facilities that were built after 1992 can save 20 percent by reducing wasteful irrigation. We have found that most ICI facilities are interested in saving water and helping the City of Albuquerque meet its conservation goals. However, often times it is difficult for them to find the financial resources to implement water conservation measures. The information given in the audit report helps facility managers justify and budget for changes and upgrades. The payback of the water conservation improvements ranges from less than a year to around 10 years. As part of the audit, a comprehensive report is given to the facility with charts and graphs that detail water use by category, potential for reduction by altering or changing fixtures or practices, and estimated payback periods for each of the recommended measures based on water and sewer commodity costs. Includes 4 references, table, figures, appendix.
分类信息
发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
关联关系
研制信息
相似标准/计划/法规