1.1 本指南介绍了扩散采样器在室内环境中的放置和使用。 1.2 扩散采样器的主要用途是测量各种室内环境中居住者的特定气态空气污染物的暴露浓度。 1.3 本指南中的扩散采样器用于测量住宅、公共建筑、办公室和其他非工业环境中的空气污染物浓度。扩散取样器是指不利用电力或机械动力向取样器内的吸附剂介质或化学反应物供应空气，并根据菲克第一扩散定律进行取样的任何空气取样器。 1.4 本指南的目的是确保在各种室内环境中采样的均匀性，并促进结果的比较。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的值应被视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如果有的话）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 扩散采样器为研究气相污染物的时间加权平均室内空气浓度提供了一种有用的采样选择。它们易于部署且成本效益高，能够收集相对较大的数据集。 5.2 本指南的目的是为扩散采样器的放置和使用提供指导，当均匀应用时，使用户能够消除室内空气扩散采样中可能出现的许多潜在干扰。 由于扩散采样对室内环境的分析受到采样方法以外的许多因素的影响，因此努力将干扰因素降至最低，并将空气保持在扩散采样器附近测量位置的典型条件下。然而，在执行某些诊断或特殊测量时，可能需要或需要非典型的室内空气环境条件。因此，抽样研究的目标决定了抽样所需的条件。 5.3 扩散采样提供时间积分测量。扩散采样器通常放置在室内环境中一段时间，以获得时间加权平均浓度；因此，应预见并尽可能消除在此期间可能出现的干扰因素。扩散采样器通常缺乏测量短期峰值浓度的灵敏度。 5.4 通过关于扩散取样器放置的适当说明，取样器的放置和取回可以由非熟练人员（例如居住者）完成。

1.1 This guide covers the placement and use of diffusive samplers in an indoor environment. 1.2 The primary use of diffusive samplers is to measure the exposure concentrations of specific gaseous air contaminants for occupants in a variety of indoor environments. 1.3 Diffusive samplers within this guide are used to measure concentrations of air contaminants in residences, public buildings, offices, and other non-industrial environments. A diffusive sampler is any air sampler that does not utilize electrical or mechanical power in order to supply air to the sorbent media or chemical reactant within the sampler and that samples according to Fick’s first law of diffusion. 1.4 The purpose of this guide is to ensure uniformity of sampling within a variety of indoor environments and to facilitate comparison of results. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Diffusive samplers provide a useful sampling option for studying time-weighted average indoor air concentrations of vapor-phase pollutants. They are easy and cost-effective to deploy enabling the collection of relatively large data sets. 5.2 The objective of this guide is to provide guidance for the placement and use of diffusive samplers that when uniformly applied enables the user to eliminate many potential interferences that may occur in diffusive sampling of indoor air. Since the analysis of the indoor environment by diffusive sampling is influenced by many factors other than the method of sampling, efforts are made to minimize interfering factors and maintain the air at conditions typical of the measurement location within the vicinity of the diffusive sampler. However, when performing certain diagnostic or special measurements, non-typical indoor air environmental conditions may be desirable or required. Thus, the objectives of a sampling study determine the conditions needed for sampling. 5.3 Diffusive sampling provides for time integrated measurements. Diffusive samplers are usually placed in an indoor environment over a time period to obtain a time weighted average concentration; hence, interfering factors potentially occurring over this period should be anticipated and eliminated where possible. Diffusive samplers often lack the sensitivity to measure short-term peak concentrations. 5.4 With suitable instruction regarding placement of diffusive samplers, placement, and retrieval of the samplers can be performed by unskilled personnel (for example, occupants).