1.1 在岩土数据中使用有效数字涉及收集、计算和记录测量值或计算值（结果）或两者的过程。本规程旨在促进记录涉及岩土数据的测量值和计算值的有效数字的一致性。 1.2 本指南为行业标准，代表了通常应保留的有效数字。该指南不考虑重大变化、获取数据的目的、特殊目的研究或用户目标的任何考虑因素，通常做法是增加或减少报告数据的有效数字以与这些考虑因素相称。 1.3 考虑工程设计分析方法中使用的有效数字超出了本实践的范围。 1.4 这种做法接受传统舍入方法的变体，该方法识别大多数手持计算器和计算机通用的算法，请参阅 6.2.3 . 传统的舍入方法（参见 6.2 )符合惯例 E29年 ASTM手册7，或 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 . 注1: 计算器和计算机在其输出和计算中经常出现并使用许多数字，这些数字可能并不都很重要。程序员和用户有责任确保使用这些指南正确处理、解释和报告测量值和计算值。 1.5 本实践提供了一组用于执行一个或多个特定操作的说明。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。并非本惯例的所有方面都适用于所有情况。 本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 使用机构或用户可采用本规程中提出的保留有效数字和舍入数的准则。 当标准中未包含规定的要求时，通常应采用它们来计算和记录数据。 5.2 虽然这种做法起源于大多数岩土数据手动收集并记录在数据表格、表格或计算机中，但使用数字采集、计算和报告数据已变得更加普遍。当使用计算器和计算机进行数据收集时，有效数字可能不符合本标准中规定的要求。然而，其使用不应被视为不符合本惯例。 5.3 本文提出的指南不应被解释为绝对规则，而应被解释为在不夸大或降低数值精度的情况下计算和报告观察或测试数据的指南。 5.3.1 本指南强调将数据记录到足够的有效数字或小数位数，以便进行灵敏度和可变性分析。

1.1 Using significant digits in geotechnical data involves the processes of collecting, calculating, and recording either measured values or calculated values (results) or both. This practice is intended to promote uniformity in recording significant digits for measured and calculated values involving geotechnical data. 1.2 The guidelines presented are industry standard and are representative of the significant digits that should be retained in general. The guidelines do not consider material variation, the purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user's objectives, and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. 1.3 It is beyond the scope of this practice to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design. 1.4 This practice accepts a variation of the traditional rounding method that recognizes the algorithm common to most hand-held calculators and computers, see 6.2.3 . The traditional rounding method (see 6.2 ) is in accordance with Practice E29 , ASTM Manual 7, or IEEE/ASTM SI 10 . Note 1: Calculators and computers often present and use many digits in their output and calculations, which may not all be significant. It is the responsibility of the programmer and user to make sure that the measured and calculated values are handled, interpreted and reported properly using these guidelines. 1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The guidelines presented in this practice for retaining significant digits and rounding numbers may be adopted by the using agency or user. Their adoption should generally be used to calculate and record data when specified requirements are not included in a standard. 5.2 While this practice originated when most geotechnical data were manually collected and recorded on data forms, tables, or into computers, the use of digital acquisition, calculations, and reporting of data has become more common. When calculators and computers are used for data collection, the significant digits may not meet the requirements specified in this standard. Nevertheless, their use shall not be regarded as nonconforming with this practice. 5.3 The guidelines presented herein should not be interpreted as absolute rules but as guides to calculate and report observed or test data without exaggerating or degrading the precision of the values. 5.3.1 The guidelines presented emphasize recording data to enough significant digits or the number of decimal places to allow sensitivity and variability analyses to be performed.