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Identification and Characterization of Cooking Effluents As Related to Optimum Design of Kitchen Ventilation Systems 与厨房通风系统优化设计相关的烹饪废水的识别和表征
本报告包括本研究项目第一阶段的结果。第一阶段的主要目标是审查文献,了解烹饪工艺废水的先前测量和使用的测试方法,将这些信息汇编成汇总表和图表,并为H阶段实施的实验室和现场测量提出改进的测试方法。信息来自已出版的文献,个人联系和研究报告。附录A中给出了带注释的参考文献。由于试验方法、样品位置、器具和食品存在差异,因此无法直接比较之前的两项研究。摘要表中列出了比较这些研究中使用的测试变量。 只能进行非常有限的数据比较。根据现有信息,不可能对烹饪排放物的数量、粒度和气体特性有一个清晰的了解。针对烹饪器具上方烹饪废水的第二阶段测量,提出了一种拟议的采样系统。这遵循EPA方法201A和202。主要区别在于上游增加了多级冲击器。冲击器将浸入热羽流中,以在采样位置温度下收集固体和液体颗粒。气溶胶还将被取样到空气动力粒度仪或激光粒子计数器中进行实时测量。气体取样和分析基本上遵循EPA方法。 给出了第二阶段的电器、食品和其他测试变量。
This report includes the results of Phase I of this research project. The main objectives of Phase I are to review the literature for information regarding previous measurements of effluent from cooking processes and test methods used, compile this information into summary tables and charts, and to propose an improved test method for the laboratory and field measurements to be implemented in Phase H.Information was obtained from the published literature, personal contacts and research reports. An annotated bibliography is given in Appendix A. No two previous studies can be compared directly as differences exist in test methods, sample locations, appliances and food products. Summary tables are presented that compare the test variables used in these studies. Only very limited data comparisons can be made. It is not possible with the existing information to produce a clear understanding of cooking emissions, both quantity and particle size and gas characterization.A proposed sampling system is given for the Phase II measurements of cooking effluent above cooking appliances. This follows EPA Methods 201A and 202. The main difference is the addition of a multistage impactor upstream. The impactor will be immersed into the thermal plume to collect solid and liquid particles at the sampling location temperature. Aerosol will also be sampled into an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer or a Laser Particle Counter for real time measurements. Gas sampling and analysis essentially follows the EPA methods. Appliances, food products, and other test variables for Phase II are given.
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