1.1 本规程描述了通过扫描电子显微镜/能量色散X射线光谱（SEM/EDS）进行底火射击残留物（pGSR）分析的培训计划的最低要求。它描述了课程、实践练习以及进度监控和评估，这些都应该是实验室培训计划的一部分。 1.2 这种做法的主要目的是促进犯罪实验室或参与pGSR颗粒检测、分析和分类的其他此类分析实体的培训计划的制定和实施。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 5.1 本规程旨在供法医pGSR分析领域的主题专家使用，这些专家已满足其实验室的技术要求，并被指派在处理pGSR颗粒的检测、分析和分类的测试类别中担任培训师。 5.2 本规程旨在与《规程》结合使用 E2917 ，以及实验室现有的通用培训协议、标准操作程序和质量实践，以通过SEM/EDS在pGSR分析中制定完整的培训能力计划。根据本规程5.3.2，本规程为SEM/EDS的pGSR分析提供了所需的额外、特定学科的元素 E2917 ；它不包括实践5.3.1中涵盖的核心特定要素 E2917 。 5.3 本实践中概述的主题和程序以pGSR考试领域的科学文献为基础。 5.3.1 应考虑、添加或替换本文件中未具体提及的pGSR检查的其他信息来源。应定期（例如每年或每两年一次）对一般法医方法和pGSR检查的新信息来源进行审查，以将公认的当前调查结果和方法纳入培训计划，并取代任何过时的方法。 5.3.2 在可能的情况下，为受训人员提供额外的培训。此类培训可能包括场外短期课程、短期实习和由经验丰富的考官进行的专业培训。

1.1 This practice describes the minimum requirements of a training program in primer gunshot residue (pGSR) analysis by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). It describes lessons, practical exercises, and progress monitoring and evaluation that should be part of a laboratory’s training program. 1.2 The primary purpose of this practice is to facilitate the development and implementation of training programs in crime laboratories or other such analytical entities that participate in the detection, analysis, and classification of pGSR particles. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This practice is intended to be used by subject matter experts in the field of forensic pGSR analysis who have met their laboratory’s technical requirements to be assigned to the role of trainer in the category of testing that deals with the detection, analysis, and classification of pGSR particles. 5.2 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with Practice E2917 , as well as the laboratory’s existing generalized training protocols, standard operating procedures, and quality practices, to develop a complete training-to-competency program in pGSR analysis by SEM/EDS. This practice provides the required additional, discipline-specific elements for pGSR analysis by SEM/EDS, in accordance with 5.3.2 of Practice E2917 ; it does not include the core specific elements covered in 5.3.1 of Practice E2917 . 5.3 The topics and procedures outlined in this practice are grounded in the body of scientific literature that exists in the field of pGSR examination. 5.3.1 Additional sources of information on pGSR examination, not specifically mentioned in this document, should be considered, added, or substituted. A review of new sources of information on general forensic methods and pGSR examinations should be carried out on a regular basis (e.g. annually or biannually) to incorporate well-established current findings and methods into the training program and to replace any outdated methods. 5.3.2 When possible, make additional training available to the trainee. Such training might include off-site short courses, short internships, and specialized training by experienced examiners.