1.1 本指南描述了从溪流、河流、池塘、湖泊、河口、海洋等地采集的测试样本的制备程序和毒性测试，适用于浮游生物、软体动物、鱼类和植物等生物。 1.2 本程序适用于生物材料中挥发性、半挥发性和非挥发性无机成分的测定。分析可以在干燥或潮湿的基础上进行或报告。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的危险说明，请参阅 9.3.3 . 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 从溪流、河流、湖泊和海洋等地收集的生物材料的化学分析可以提供具有环境意义的信息。毒性试验中使用的生物材料的化学分析可能有助于更好地解释毒理学结果。 5.2 许多水生生物样本，无论是由于其大小还是收集方法，都具有内在的异质性，因为它们可能含有不同和不可预测数量的截留水，并且可能含有通常不用于分析的异物或物质（例如沉积物），如果包含这些异物或物质，将导致不准确的分析。 5.3 分离异物的标准方法有助于均匀化，可以最大限度地减少由于混合不良和异物夹杂造成的误差。 5.4 如果需要，标准化的干燥程序提供了一种以通用干重为基础报告分析值的方法。分析也可以在湿重的基础上进行或报告。

1.1 This guide describes procedures for the preparation of test samples collected from such locations as streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, estuaries, oceans, and toxicity tests and is applicable to such organisms as plankton, mollusks, fish, and plants. 1.2 The procedures are applicable to the determination of volatile, semivolatile, and nonvolatile inorganic constituents of biological materials. Analyses may be carried out or reported on either a dry or wet basis. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 9.3.3 . 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The chemical analysis of biological material, collected from such locations as streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans can provide information of environmental significance. The chemical analysis of biological material used in toxicity tests may be useful to better interpret the toxicological results. 5.2 Many aquatic biological samples, either as a result of their size, or their method of collection, are inherently heterogeneous in that they may contain occluded water in varying and unpredictable amounts and may contain foreign objects or material (for example, sediment) not ordinarily intended for analysis, the inclusion of which would result in inaccurate analysis. 5.3 Standard methods for separating foreign objects, to facilitate homogenization, will minimize errors due to poor mixing and inclusion of extraneous material. 5.4 Standardized procedures for drying provide a means for reporting analytical values to a common dry weight basis, if desired. Analyses may also be carried out or reported on a wet weight basis.