样品制备过程包括几项操作，其中三项是基本操作:通过粉碎或研磨和研磨来减小粒度；混合；通过分割样品（样品分割）减少样品质量。在大多数情况下，样品的干燥过程也是必要的。

The process of sample preparation consists of several operations three of which are fundamental: particle size reduction by crushing or grinding and milling; mixing; decrease of sample mass by dividing the sample (sample division). In most cases, the drying process of the sample is also necessary.