1.1 本试验方法涵盖在现场条件下测量标准攻丝机产生的冲击声通过地板-天花板组件和相关支撑结构的传播。 1.2 可以对所有类型的地板-天花板组件进行测量，包括带有浮动地板或吊顶元件或两者都有的地板-天花板组件，以及表面有任何类型地板表面或地板覆盖材料的地板-天花板组件。 1.3 该测试方法定义了几个程序和指标，以评估名义上分离的地板-天花板的外观性能或接收室与攻丝机操作产生的声音的隔离。接收室可以是攻丝机正下方的空间，或者在某些情况下，任何接收攻丝机操作声音的独立空间。 测试报告中对源室和接收室以及地板-天花板系统进行了识别和描述。所有测量电平和导数单数额定值都包括侧翼传输的影响。禁止压制侧翼。可用的测量值及其单数额定值是冲击声压级（ISPL）和冲击声额定值（ISR），混响时间归一化冲击声压级（RTNISPL）和归一化冲击声额定值（NISR），以及吸收归一化冲击声压级（ANISPL）和表观冲击绝缘等级（AIIC）。 1.4 可以在任何两个特定房间或使用区域之间测量和报告ISPL和ISR，其中源房间面积足够大以容纳窃听器位置，接收房间体积足够大以容纳麦克风位置。 对于本标准中的所有其他测量和额定值，施加了限制，如最小房间体积或尺寸或最大房间吸收。因此，可能存在不允许确定RTNISPL（NISR）或ANISPL（AIIC）的条件。 1.5 如果分离式地板-天花板组件由接收室（天花板）侧不同结构的零件组成，则不可能确定组件单个元件或部分的ANISPL和AIIC。在这种情况下，测量将是复合结构，而不是单个元件。 1.6 任何单个现场测量仅代表测试的实际组件的性能，不能单独用于准确预测相同或类似组件的性能。 1.7 本标准的文本引用了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注（不包括表和图中的注释和脚注）不应视为本标准的要求。 1.8 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.9 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 标准攻丝机在接收室内产生的噪声频谱由以下公式确定: (1) 地板-天花板组件的尺寸和机械特性，例如其重量、表面特性、安装或边缘约束、刚度和内部阻尼； (2) 通过相关结构的侧翼传输程度；和 (3) 接收室的声学响应。 5.2 中规定的标准攻丝机 6.1.1 以均匀的速率在地板-天花板组件上产生连续的一系列均匀冲击，以便准确且可重复地测量接收室内的冲击声压级。攻丝机的设计不是为了模拟任何一种类型的碰撞，例如男性或女性足迹，也不是为了模拟人类步行者的重量。此外，该方法中描述的测量值和基于结果的额定值仅限于特定频率范围。 因此，本试验方法可能无法充分评估由人的脚步声在柔性地板-天花板组件上产生的主观恼人的吱吱声或吊杆。 5.3 实验室试验方法 E492 要求在实验室的接收室中建立高度扩散的声场，并抑制侧面的声音传输。这种现场测试方法不允许抑制侧翼。在现场测试中，声学测量比实验室中更不确定，因为在普通建筑物中会遇到各种各样的接收室形状和尺寸。很少发现高扩散场，结构传播的侧翼传输的性质可能有很大差异。此外，能量可以从接收室横向传输。 能量的横向传输量在建筑物之间可能会有很大差异。因此，类似地板-天花板组件的实验室试验和现场试验之间不应取得良好的一致性。 5.4 有几种指标可用于特定用途: 5.4.1 吸收归一化冲击声压级（ANISPL）和表观冲击绝缘等级（AIIC）- 这些指标旨在评估地板-天花板组件和安装的相邻结构（包括结构承载的侧翼路径）的性能。对于这些指标，来自相关支撑结构的声功率归因于地板-天花板组件。因为这些是名义上分离地板的表面性能的测量- 天花板上，接收室应为攻丝机正下方的空间。如果接收室的体积至少为40m，则可以报告ANISPL和AIIC 3. 在150米的房间内，最小尺寸至少为2.3米 3. 或更大的ANISPL和AIIC不得确定和报告，除非在计算AIIC所需的所有频带中，接收室吸收 2. ，小于: 哪里: 五、 = 接收室的体积，m 3. 结果通常与仅对地板-天花板组件进行的实验室测试不完全相同。由于上述不可控因素 5.1 – 5.3 ，使用测试结果预测具有类似结构的其他地板-天花板组件的性能时，必须小心。 5.4.2 冲击声压级（ISPL）和冲击声额定值（ISR）- 这些指标旨在评估由于标准攻丝机对地板-天花板组件的机械激励而在测试时存在的冲击隔声。测量可以在受操作攻丝机声音影响的任何空间进行。这些指标并不代表分离地板-天花板的性能。它们表示声源地板和接收室之间的冲击声隔离。除了足够大以容纳中所述的麦克风位置外，没有接收室吸收限制和接收室体积限制 11.3 . 5.4.3 混响时间归一化冲击声压级（RTNISPL）和归一化冲击声额定值（NISR）- 这些指标旨在评估影响隔声，就好像接收室的混响时间为0.5秒一样。这种混响时间是许多配备家具的小办公室、配备家具的住宅客厅和卧室的典型混响时间。对于150米的接收室，不应报告RTNISPL和NISR 3. 或更大。

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the transmission of impact sound generated by a standard tapping machine through floor-ceiling assemblies and associated supporting structures in field situations. 1.2 Measurements may be conducted on all types of floor-ceiling assemblies, including those with floating-floor or suspended ceiling elements, or both, and floor-ceiling assemblies surfaced with any type of floor-surfacing or floor-covering materials. 1.3 This test method defines several procedures and metrics to assess either the apparent performance of the nominally separating floor-ceiling or the isolation of a receiving room from the sound produced by the operation of the tapping machine. The receiving room may be the space directly below the tapping machine or, in some cases, any separated space that receives sound from the operation of the tapping machine. The source and receiving rooms as well as the floor-ceiling system are identified and described in the test report. All measured levels and derivative single number ratings include the effect of flanking transmission. Efforts to suppress flanking are not permitted. Available measures and their single number ratings are the impact sound pressure levels (ISPL) and impact sound rating (ISR), the reverberation time normalized impact sound pressure levels (RTNISPL) and normalized impact sound rating (NISR), and the absorption normalized impact sound pressure levels (ANISPL) and apparent impact insulation class (AIIC). 1.4 The ISPL and ISR may be measured and reported between any two specific rooms or usage areas where the source room area is large enough to accommodate the tapping machine positions and the receiving room volume is sufficiently large to accommodate the microphone positions. For all other measures and ratings in this standard, restrictions such as minimum room volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption are imposed. Thus, conditions may exist that will not allow RTNISPL (NISR) or ANISPL (AIIC) to be determined. 1.5 Where a separating floor-ceiling assembly is composed of parts that are constructed differently on the receiving room (ceiling) side, it is not possible to determine the ANISPL and AIIC of the individual elements or portions of the assembly. In this situation, the measurement will be of the composite structure, not of an individual element. 1.6 Any single field measurement only represents the performance of the actual assembly tested and cannot be used alone to accurately predict how an identical or similar assembly might perform. 1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The spectrum of the noise produced in the receiving room by the standard tapping machine is determined by (1) the size and the mechanical properties of the floor-ceiling assembly, such as its weight, surface properties, mounting or edge restraints, stiffness, and internal damping; (2) the degree of flanking transmission through associated structures; and (3) the acoustical response of the receiving room. 5.2 The standardized tapping machine specified in 6.1.1 produces a continuous series of uniform impacts at a uniform rate on a floor-ceiling assembly to allow accurate and reproducible measurements of impact sound pressure levels in the receiving room. The tapping machine is not designed to simulate any one type of impact, such as male or female footsteps or to simulate the weight of a human walker. Also, measurements described in this method and ratings based on the results are restricted to a specific frequency range. Thus the subjectively annoying creak or boom generated by human footfalls on a limber floor-ceiling assembly may not be adequately evaluated by this test method. 5.3 Laboratory Test Method E492 calls for highly diffuse sound fields and the suppression of flanking sound transmission in the laboratory’s receiving room. This field test method does not allow efforts to suppress flanking. In field tests, acoustical measurements are much more uncertain than in the laboratory since a great variety of receiving room shapes and sizes are encountered in ordinary buildings. Highly diffuse fields are seldom found and the nature of structure-borne flanking transmission can vary widely. In addition, energy can be transmitted laterally away from the receiving room. The amount of lateral transmission of energy can vary significantly between buildings. Consequently, good agreement between laboratory tests and field tests on similar floor-ceiling assemblies should not be expected. 5.4 Several metrics are available for specific uses: 5.4.1 absorption normalized impact sound pressure level (ANISPL) and apparent impact insulation class (AIIC)— These metrics are intended to evaluate the performance of the floor-ceiling assembly and adjacent structures as installed (including structure-borne flanking paths). For these metrics, sound power from associated support structures are attributed to the floor-ceiling assembly. Because these are measures of the apparent performance of the nominally separating floor-ceiling, the receiving room shall be the space directly under the tapping machine. ANISPL and AIIC may be reported if the receiving room has a volume of at least 40 m 3 and the smallest dimension is at least 2.3 m. In rooms of 150 m 3 or greater ANISPL and AIIC shall not be determined and reported unless, in all frequency bands necessary to calculate the AIIC, the receiving room absorption, A 2 , is less than: where: V = the volume of the receiving room, m 3 Results are usually not identical to laboratory tests of the floor-ceiling assembly alone. Because of the uncontrollable factors mentioned in 5.1 – 5.3 , caution must be used when using test results to predict the performance of other floor-ceiling assemblies with similar construction. 5.4.2 impact sound pressure level (ISPL) and impact sound rating (ISR)— These metrics are intended to assess the impact sound isolation as it exists at the time of the test due to the mechanical excitation of the floor-ceiling assembly by the standard tapping machine. The measurements can be performed in any space affected by the sound of the operating tapping machine. These metrics do not represent the performance of the separating floor-ceiling. They represent the impact sound isolation between the source floor and the receiving room. There are no receiving room absorption restrictions and no receiving room volume restrictions other than being sufficiently large to accommodate the microphone positions described in 11.3 . 5.4.3 reverberation time normalized impact sound pressure level (RTNISPL) and normalized impact sound rating (NISR)— These metrics are intended to assess the impact sound isolation as if the receiving room had a reverberation time of 0.5 s. This reverberation time is typical of many furnished small offices and furnished residential living rooms and bedrooms. RTNISPL and NISR shall not be reported for receiving rooms of 150 m 3 or larger.