1.1 本指南描述了一种通用的经济方法，用于评估投资决策，旨在提高社区适应、承受和快速恢复破坏性事件的能力。该方法描述了一个框架，用于为新建和现有设施建筑、工业设施和其他关键基础设施制定具有成本效益的社区弹性战略。本指南为已建设施的所有者和管理者、建筑师、工程师、建造师、其他已建设施专业服务提供商以及研究人员和分析师提供了规划和比较弹性策略的方法。 1.2 本指南通过识别和比较社区当前和未来的相关成本和收益流来制定经济决策过程，后者通过与新资本投资相关的成本节约和损害损失避免来实现，以恢复现状产生的风险。 1.3 本指南提供了一种方法，通过考虑效益和成本，提高社区客观有效地比较和对比资本投资项目的能力，同时保持对系统弹性的认识。与非- 还探讨了市场价值和不确定性。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 支持社区恢复力的项目投资的特点是自然、技术和人为干扰的频率和程度不确定。考虑到这些低概率、高后果的事件，对传统的经济评估方法提出了挑战。 5.2 评估投资决策收益成本的传统方法通常侧重于与避免损失直接相关的措施。 5.3 在进行经济评估时，遵循本指南可确保用户在面临自然、技术和人力资源可能中断的资本项目中考虑相关经济信息，包括有关不确定性和间接投入的信息- 造成危害。 5.4 在社区恢复力计划制定过程的规划阶段使用本指南。在规划过程的早期考虑风险缓解选择，既可以更灵活地解决特定危害，又可以降低与实施相关的成本。 5.5 使用本指南将社区复原计划与经济发展、分区、减灾和其他影响建筑物、公共工程和基础设施系统的社区规划活动相结合。 5.6 使用本指南确定资产生命周期内与资本资产的建设、实施和使用相关的所有相关投入，即成本和收益（节约）。 相关投入包括直接、间接和外部性以及非市场价值。 5.7 使用本指南进行基于实践的经济评估 E917 （生命周期成本）， E964 （成本效益比和储蓄投资比）， E1057 （内部收益率和调整后的内部收益率）， E1074 （净收益和净节约）， E1121 （回报）， E1699 （价值工程），以及 E1765 （多属性决策分析的层次分析法）和指南 E1369 （不确定性处理）。 5.8 将本指南与指南结合使用 E2204页 总结涉及自然、技术和人类的经济评估结果- 造成危害。 5.9 本指南概括了指南 E2506 （新设施和现有设施的成本效益风险缓解计划）通过评估社区资本资产的投资。

1.1 This guide describes a generic economic methodology for evaluating investment decisions aimed to improve the ability of communities to adapt to, withstand, and quickly recover from, disruptive events. The methodology describes a framework for developing cost-effective community resilience strategies for new and existing constructed facilities—buildings, industrial facilities, and other critical infrastructure. This guide provides owners and managers of constructed facilities, architects, engineers, constructors, other providers of professional services for constructed facilities, and researchers and analysts with an approach for planning and comparing resilience strategies. 1.2 This guide frames the economic decision process by identifying and comparing the relevant present and future streams of costs and benefits to a community—the latter realized through cost savings and damage loss avoidance—associated with new capital investment into resilience to those generated by the status-quo. 1.3 This guide provides a means to increase the capacity of communities to objectively and effectively compare and contrast capital investment projects through consideration of benefits and costs while maintaining an awareness of system resilience. Topics related to non-market values and uncertainty are also explored. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Investments in projects supporting community resilience are characterized by uncertainties regarding the frequency and magnitude of natural, technological, and human-caused disruptions. Accounting for these low-probability, high-consequence events challenge traditional economic evaluation methods. 5.2 The traditional approach to evaluating the benefit-cost of investment decisions routinely focus on measures directly tied to loss avoidance. 5.3 Following this guide when performing an economic evaluation assures the user that relevant economic information, including information regarding uncertainties and indirect inputs, is considered for capital project facing possible disruptions from natural, technological, and human-caused hazards. 5.4 Use this guide in the planning phases of community resilience plan development process. Consideration of risk mitigation choices early in the planning process allows both greater flexibility in addressing specific hazards and lower costs associated with their implementation. 5.5 Use this guide to integrate community resilience plans with economic development, zoning, hazard mitigation, and other community planning activities that affect buildings, public works, and infrastructure systems. 5.6 Use this guide to identify all relevant inputs—that is, costs and benefits (savings)—associated with construction, implementation, and use of the capital asset, over the lifetime of the asset. Relevant inputs include direct, indirect and externalities, and non-market values. 5.7 Use this guide for economic evaluations based on Practices E917 (life-cycle costs), E964 (benefit-to-cost and savings-to-investment ratios), E1057 (internal rate of return and adjusted internal rate of return), E1074 (net benefits and net savings), E1121 (payback), E1699 (value engineering), and E1765 (analytical hierarchy process for multi-attribute decision analysis), and Guide E1369 (treatment of uncertainty). 5.8 Use this guide in conjunction with Guide E2204 to summarize the results of economic evaluations involving natural, technological, and human-caused hazards. 5.9 This guide generalizes Guide E2506 (cost-effective risk mitigation plan for new and existing constructed facilities) by evaluating investments into capital assets for a community.