本文讨论了不同的通风策略，以改善室内空气质量，降低餐厅内的暖通空调系统的运行成本。分析中使用了一家普通的坐式餐厅。该连锁餐厅拥有200多家餐厅，在不同的美国气候下，对其原型设计进行了分析，以收集有关建筑围护结构、就餐区大小、热源和污染源及负荷、入住率以及当前设计实践的信息。 在五种具有代表性的美国气候条件下，比较了四种具有恒定和可变（基于需求）室外气流速率、混合和置换空气分配的恒定风量HVAC系统:寒冷（明尼阿波利斯，明尼苏达州）；海事（华盛顿州西雅图）；中等（新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基）；炎热干燥（亚利桑那州凤凰城）；炎热潮湿（佛罗里达州迈阿密）。对于所有四种对比情况和气候条件，计算了全年运行期间暖通空调系统的供暖和制冷消耗，并比较了运行成本。 分析表明:由于污染物沿房间高度分层，在相同的室外送风量下，置换式空气分配可使呼吸区的室内空气质量更好。迈阿密和阿尔伯克基高峰时段室外空气供应的增加导致供暖和制冷能耗的增加。在其他气候条件下，室外空气供应的增加会降低冷却能耗。对于菲尼克斯、明尼阿波利斯和西雅图地区，使用可变室外空气供应的暖通空调系统可将制冷消耗降低50%，在某些情况下，还可避免使用制冷机。 温度分层对HVAC系统参数的影响在所有位置都是相同的；置换通风系统降低了冷却能耗，但增加了加热能耗。引文:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，1998年，第104卷，第2部分，多伦多

Different ventilation strategies to improve indoor air quality and to reduce HVAC system operating costs in a restaurant with nonsmoking and smoking areas and a bar are discussed in this paper. A generic sitting-type restaurant is used for the analysis. Prototype designs for the restaurant chain with more than 200 restaurants in different U.S. climates were analyzed to collect the information on building envelope, dining area size, heat and contaminant sources and loads, occupancy rates, and current design practices. Four constant air volume HVAC systems with a constant and variable (demand-based) outdoor airflow rate, with a mixing and displacement air distribution, were compared in five representative U.S. climates: cold (Minneapolis, Minn.); maritime (Seattle, Wash.); moderate (Albuquerque, N.Mex.); hot-dry (Phoenix, Ariz.); and hot-humid (Miami, Fla.). For all four compared cases and climatic conditions, heating and cooling consumption by the HVAC system throughout the year-round operation was calculated and operation costs were compared. The analysis shows:Displacement air distribution allows for better indoor air quality in the breathing zone at the same outdoor air supply airflow rate due to contaminant stratification along the room height.The increase in outdoor air supply during the peak hours in Miami and Albuquerque results in an increase of both heating and cooling energy consumption. In other climates, the increase in outdoor air supply results in reduced cooling energy consumption.For the Phoenix, Minneapolis, and Seattle locations, the HVAC system operation with a variable outdoor air supply allows for a decrease in cooling consumption up to 50% and, in some cases, eliminates the use of refrigeration machines.The effect of temperature stratification on HVAC system parameters is the same for all locations; displacement ventilation systems result in decreased cooling energy consumption but increased heating consumption.