1.1 本规程提供了使用脉冲响应法快速评估混凝土板、路面、桥面、墙体或其他板状结构状况的程序。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的值应被视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.3 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如果有的话）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 这种做法的文本是指提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注（不包括表格和图表中的注释和脚注）不应被视为本标准的要求。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 脉冲响应法用于评估混凝土板、路面、桥面、墙体或其他混凝土板结构的状况。该方法也适用于带有覆盖层的板结构，如带有沥青或硅酸盐水泥混凝土覆盖层的混凝土桥面。脉冲响应法旨在快速筛查结构，以确定需要更详细调查的异常情况的潜在位置。 5.2 本规程不适用于桩的完整性测试。对于此类应用，请参阅测试方法 D5882 . 5.3 这种做法可用于定位分层或固结不良的混凝土。它还可以用于定位地面承重板下方支撑不良或空隙的区域。 5.4 结果用于比较测试结构元件中一点的混凝土质量或支撑条件与同一元件中其他点的条件，或用于比较结构元件与相同几何形状的另一个元件。侵入式探测（钻孔或凿除混凝土）或钻取岩芯用于确认脉冲响应结果的解释。 5.5 板的抗弯刚度与材料的弹性模量成正比，与厚度的三次幂成正比 ( 6. ) 因此，厚度的变化对频率响应函数的振幅变化的影响将大于弹性模量的变化。 5.6 研究表明，使用本实践中的方法很难检测板状元件中深度超过约200毫米的缺陷 ( 7. ) . 5.7 对于公路应用，结果可能会受到交通噪声或低频结构振动的影响，这些振动是由交通在结构上的正常运动引起的。然而，这些噪声的间歇性可能允许在交通流量期间对结构的相邻部分进行测试。 需要工程判断来确定响应是否受到交通引起的振动的影响。 5.8 悬挂板上的重载可能会通过改变不同振动模式的频率和形状来影响测试结果。测试表面上的碎屑可能会干扰获得尖锐冲击和测量响应。 5.9 该做法不适用于机械设备（千斤顶、锤子发声、机械清扫器等）冲击结构产生的振动。 5.10 在加强板的结构元件旁边或直接在其上进行的测试将导致移动性降低，并且不能代表板的内部条件。 5.11 该做法不适用于存在电噪声的情况，例如数据采集系统捕获的发电机或其他电源产生的电噪声。

1.1 This practice provides the procedure for using the impulse-response method to evaluate rapidly the condition of concrete slabs, pavements, bridge decks, walls, or other plate-like structures. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 The text of this practice refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The impulse-response method is used to evaluate the condition of concrete slabs, pavements, bridge decks, walls, or other concrete plate structures. The method is also applicable to plate structures with overlays, such as concrete bridge decks with asphalt or portland cement concrete overlays. The impulse-response method is intended for rapid screening of structures to identify potential locations of anomalous conditions that require more detailed investigation. 5.2 This practice is not intended for integrity testing of piles. For such applications refer to Test Method D5882 . 5.3 This practice can be used to locate delaminated or poorly consolidated concrete. It can also be used to locate regions of poor support or voids beneath slabs bearing on ground. 5.4 Results are used on a comparative basis for comparing concrete quality or support conditions at one point in the tested structural element with conditions at other points in the same element, or for comparing a structural element with another element of the same geometry. Invasive probing (drilling holes or chipping away concrete) or drilling of cores is used to confirm interpretations of impulse-response results. 5.5 The flexural stiffness of a plate is directly proportional to the elastic modulus of the material and directly proportional to the thickness raised to the third power ( 6 ) . As a result, variations in thickness will have a greater effect on variations in the amplitude of the frequency response function than variations in elastic modulus. 5.6 Research shows that it is difficult to detect the presence of defects deeper than about 200 mm in plate-like elements using the methodology in this practice ( 7 ) . 5.7 For highway applications, results may be influenced by traffic noise or low frequency structural vibrations set up by normal movement of traffic across a structure. The intermittent nature of these noises, however, may allow testing during traffic flow on adjacent portions of the structure. Engineering judgment is required to determine whether the response has been influenced by traffic-induced vibrations. 5.8 Heavy loads on suspended slabs may affect test results by altering the frequencies and shapes of different modes of vibration. Debris on the test surface may interfere with obtaining a sharp impact and with measuring the response. 5.9 The practice is not applicable in the presence of vibrations created by mechanical equipment (jack hammers, sounding with a hammer, mechanical sweepers, and the like) impacting the structure. 5.10 Tests conducted next to or directly over structural elements that stiffen the plate will result in reduced mobility and not be representative of the internal conditions of the plate. 5.11 The practice is not applicable in the presence of electrical noise, such as that produced by a generator or other electrical sources, that is captured by the data-acquisition system.