1.1 这些用于分析的测试方法涵盖了传统类型的润滑脂，其基本上由石油和肥皂组成。可以测定的成分是皂、不皂化物(石油等)、水、游离碱度、游离脂肪酸、脂肪、甘油和不溶物。 附注1: 本文所述的任何测试方法最好由经验丰富的油脂分析员使用，该分析员也能够根据情况需要对技术进行适当的调整。 1.2 补充测试方法见 附录X1 本试验方法主要用于含有基本上不溶于 n -己烷，以及由于存在非石油流体或非肥皂等成分而不能通过常规方法分析的润滑脂-类型增稠剂，或两者兼而有之。在一些情况下，这些组分可以与强酸或强碱溶液反应。 1.3 这些测试方法按以下顺序出现: 章节 灰分测定 7– 11 不溶物、肥皂、脂肪、石油、 和不皂化物 12– 20 游离碱和游离酸 21– 23 水 24 甘油（定量） 25– 29 1.4 以SI单位表示的值将被视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据《关于制定国际标准、指南和准则的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的表彰。 ======意义和用途====== 4.1 这些测试方法可用于识别和估计润滑脂的一些成分的量。这些测试方法适用于许多（但不是全部）润滑脂。 4.2 除非建立了这种相关性，否则不应认为成分对服务性能有任何直接影响。 附注2: 有关润滑脂分析的其他测试方法的详细信息可以在其他参考材料中找到。 5 , 6 , 7

1.1 These test methods for analysis cover greases of the conventional type, which consist essentially of petroleum oil and soap. The constituents that can be determined are soap, unsaponifiable matter (petroleum oil, and so forth), water, free alkalinity, free fatty acid, fat, glycerin, and insolubles. Note 1: Any of the test methods described herein are best used by an experienced grease analyst who may also be able to make appropriate adaptations of the techniques as occasion requires. 1.2 A supplementary test method is provided in Appendix X1 . This test method is intended primarily for application to greases containing thickeners that are essentially insoluble in n -hexane, and to greases that cannot be analyzed by conventional methods because of the presence of such constituents as nonpetroleum fluids or nonsoap-type thickeners, or both. In some cases, these constituents can react with strong acid or alkaline solutions. 1.3 These test methods appear in the following order: Sections Ash Determination 7 – 11 Insolubles, Soap, Fat, Petroleum Oil, and Unsaponifiable Matter 12 – 20 Free Alkali and Free Acid 21 – 23 Water 24 Glycerin (Quantitative) 25 – 29 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 These test methods can be used to identify and estimate the amount of some of the constituents of lubricating greases. These test methods are applicable to many, but not all, greases. 4.2 Composition should not be considered as having any direct bearing on service performance unless such correlation is established. Note 2: Details on other test methods for grease analysis can be found in other reference material. 5 , 6 , 7